Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a crucial technology in the fight against climate change. Basaltic rocks have been identified as promising carbon sequestration sites due to their high reactivity with CO2 and the potential for permanent storage. This study integrates emission sources data and geological and petrophysical data from the basaltic rock occurrences in Santa Catarina, within the Paraná Basin, to construct a favorability map identifying areas most suitable for geological storage. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) was used to evaluate the suitability of CCS sites based on determined criteria. The integrated analysis indicates that the most favorable areas for CCS are in the southeast of the studied area. The favorability map is a strategic guide for future CCS site investigations in the Paraná Basin. It significantly contributes to global climate change mitigation efforts by facilitating identifying and assessment of potent carbon storage sites in basalt formations.
The Paris Agreement, established as a response to the pressing challenges of climate change, sets a global agenda to keep the temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius (Masson-Delmotte et al., 2018). Achieving this goal mitigates the risks and impacts of climate change, driving the necessity for innovative solutions in carbon management. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is a crucial tool within this global strategy. It encompasses the reduction of emissions from fossil fuel power stations and other industrial installations, including cement manufacturing, steelmaking, and aluminum production (Masson-Delmotte et al., 2018).
Carbon dioxide can be sequestered in geological formations such as sedimentary rocks, mafic and ultramafic rocks, saline reservoirs, and oil, gas, and coal layers. These geological repositories can retain over 99% of the captured CO2 for over 100 years and likely over 1000 years (Metz et al., 2005). Despite these advancements, the primary focus remains on deep sedimentary rock formations to prevent CO2 escape, which remains unpredictable over the long term. However, due to their high carbon storage potential, basalt rocks are becoming a focal point of recent studies (Cartier, 2020; Snæbjörnsdóttir et al., 2020). These rocks contain high concentrations of elements that react with carbon dioxide, such as calcium and magnesium, forming minerals that permanently trap CO2 (Kunzig and Broecker, 2009; Snæbjörnsdóttir et al., 2020).
