... Abstract We consider robust ensemble-based (EnOpt) multi-objective production optimization of on-off inflow control devices (ICDs) for a sector model inspired on a real-field case. The use of on-off valves as optimization variables leads to a discrete control problem. We propose a re...

... of control variables (e.g. bottom hole pressures, well rates or valve settings) which can be rather large. Thus u is a ‘super vector’ with a number of elements N that may be as large as the number of control time steps times the number of control variables per time step. In standard EnOpt an ensemble { u...

... More recently, Shuai et al. (2011) presented a derivative-free application using EnOpt ( Chen et al., 2009 ) and BOBYQA ( Powell, 2009 ). A simple and straightforward approach was applied by Shuai et al. (2011) , where at every refinement step, each control step is split into two control steps...

... It is critical to note that although the optimization is done in the transformed space, i.e., in terms of s , throughout we simply use u instead of s to denote the optimized vector. SPSA, NEWUOA, QIM-AG, EnOpt, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and SID-PSM are discussed in the following...

... under-determined. On the other hand, excessively low-frequency control adjustment may not truly optimize oil recovery. To address these issues, two simulator-independent optimization algorithms were investigated: ensemble-based optimization (EnOpt) and bound optimization by quadratic approximation...