... There are several theories used to describe the fracture process including Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM), Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics (EPFM), and Cohesive Zone Models (CZM), which allow for development of predictive capabilities. The main disadvantage of LEFM and EPFM...

... in turn affects ship transits and loads on floaters in managed ice. This paper reflects on past work leading to the current algorithm for ridge building in ISO 19906 which was derived by the author. Recent work using the mechanics for ice loads on sloping structures applied to ridging is reported, results...

... discusses the overall approach and progress to date. upstream oil & gas mechanism island periphery ice island icetech12-137-rf fuglem page number ice island fragment deterioration drift trajectory iceberg probability canada heat flux Modelling Risks to Offshore Facilities Associated...

... of the apparatus is 4m × 5m × 8m. The live weight of each pendulum is approximately 3000 kg. In operation, the pendulums will be lifted and then released simultaneously to impact each other in a vertical position. The frame is instrumented to measure the impact force and deflection of the grillage. mechanism...

... interaction scenarios. freight & logistics services reserves replacement asset and portfolio management upstream oil & gas reserves evaluation longitudinal strength ice load mechanism limit load assessment main frame design load stringer rule load grillage analysis load patch...

... While there are power saving and high thrust capability advantages of CPP (Controllable Pitch Propeller) for ice propulsion, the introduction of CP mechanism makes the propulsion system more vulnerable when operating in heavy ice conditions. In CPP designs, the recently released IACS URI3...

... The magnitude of ice loads imposed onto a structure located in land fast ice, such as an ice island, is usually controlled by the failure mechanism of the ice at the interface with the structure – crushing of the ice sheet or passive edge failure of the ice island. These ice loads are resisted...

... mechanisms that take place for the first year ice ridges, whether they occur simultaneously or progressively, which mechanisms always occur together, which mechanisms are the dominant and which of them are rare. Also the paper presents the relation between the load and velocity with different failure...