... of the formation and observe the geometry and development degree of fractures. The performance of existing target segmentation networks relies on large volumes of data. However, logging images are expensive to acquire, so how to effectively extract fractures from small samples of logging images is an urgent...

... for enhanced formation evaluation. Fracture and borehole breakout interpretation from the image data played a key role in the successful completion design. This ultimately led to Kuwait’s first successful “hexa-combo” LWD drilling run and the country’s first LWD ultrasonic imaging tool run in OBM in this hole...

... and fracture facies vertically along the well and laterally for 3D static and dynamic models of naturally fractured reservoirs in carbonate rocks. More than 30 wells with 40 years of production history were used in order to build reliable static and dynamic models. The fracture class/facies plays an essential...

... on the degree of the development of secondary porosities and fractures. It is suggested that the granitic rocks with developed secondary porosities and fractures, as represented by the low density (DEN), high acoustic transit time (AT), and relatively high neutron porosity (NP) log facies (LF 3), have the best...

...Bin Wang; Jun Li; Binggui Xu; Tao Jia; Hui Zhang Perforation plays an important role in the fracture morphology near the wellbore and the propagation of hydraulic fracturing fractures. Therefore, it is of great significance to find out the fracture morphology and propagation law during perforation...

..., including vugs and fractures. The Ørn Formation is divided into two reservoir zones: the lower zone (Ørn A) consists mainly of bedded carbonates. The carbonates are fractured to varying degrees and with variable porosity-permeability relations from vugs to mudstone. The primary pore systems...

...Peter Schlicht; Tianhua Zhang; Martin G. Lüling; Brita Renee Graham; Alexandra Cournot; Rob Sadownyk Natural fractures maintain a significant role in many hydrocarbon plays, in both conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In exploration and development scenarios, specific fracture properties...

... and fracture and bedding plane analysis. Although high-resolution images are widely available for water-based mud (WBM) applications, such as from azimuthally focused resistivity tools, their availability in oil-based mud (OBM) applications is limited. This paper presents a 4.75-in. LWD ultrasonic imaging tool...

... paper. In homogeneous rock, such as most sandstone formations, the value of m measured from core plugs represents the value of the formation volume investigated by logs. However, carbonate formations are usually heterogeneous due to the existence of vugs and fractures, and the value of m measured from...

...Thomas Bérard; Nikita Chugunov; Jean Desroches; Romain Prioul Openhole microfracturing stress tests often fail at great depth because a fracture cannot be initiated, even with application of the equipment's maximum pressure. This paper presents methodological developments enabling feasibility...

... of nanodarcies (nD), the laboratory measurement of the matrix permeability of intact (nonparticlized) samples has remained a challenge. The widely used measurement methods, such as pulse-decay and steady-state, have two primary limitations: measurements take hours or even days; and sample fractures...

...Wei-Shan Chiang; Jacob M. LaManna; Daniel S. Hussey; David L. Jacobson; Yun Liu; Jilin Zhang; Daniel T. Georgi; Jordan R. Kone; Jin-Hong Chen Hydrocarbon production from shales using horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has been the key development in the US energy industry in the past...

... research flow in porous media macropore attenuation data collection chhatre toluene core plug hydraulic fracturing pore pressure porosity Microstructural Investigation matrix Upstream Oil & Gas expertise permeability matrix permeability fracture tress-dependent permeability...

... and pressure saturation experiments reveal that the pore network is inaccessible to dodecane due to strong affinity for water and high capillary entry pressure. Vertical fractures are apparent in the image log in addition to microfractures observed in the SEM images. Based on the laboratory measurements...

... to the inherent low representability of rock samples in such systems and to the limitations of the logs in the presence of structures, such as caves and vuggy fractures. Conversely, high-resolution ultrasonic borehole image logs provide not only an image of the mega- and gigapore system present in dual-porosity...

...Ming Gu; Deepak Gokaraju; Dingding Chen; John Quirein Elastic anisotropy resulting from shale lamination makes fracture prediction in shale more complex, and traditional methods to predict fracture geometry assuming isotropy frequently prove to be inadequate. Common 3D fracture-modeling software...

...Mehdi E. Far; John A. Quirein; Natasa Mekic We investigate the geomechanics of orthorhombic media for modeling fractured shales, using theoretical data, and present simplified equations for computing anisotropic stresses in orthorhombic media that yield accurate estimates (compared to the values...

... placement, optimizing injection rates, and managing perforation strategy. Microfracturing consists of isolating small test intervals in a well between inflatable packers, increasing the pressure until a small fracture forms and then by conducting a few injection and shut-in cycles, extend the fracture...

... nuclear magnetic resonance logs. Fractured reservoirs entail uncertainties related to characterization, modeling, and enhanced oil recovery aspects that involve matrix oil recovery via higher permeability fracture networks. These challenges exist in Tengiz Field, a Paleozoic isolated carbonate platform...

...Jennifer Market; Camilo Mejia; Ovunc Mutlu; Mojtaba P. Shahri; Joanne Tudge Acoustic anisotropy analysis is used in a wide variety of applications, such as fracture characterization, wellbore stability, production enhancement, and geosteering. However, acoustic anisotropy methods are not always...