Landslide rehabilitation with retaining structure, JUS vs. Eurocodes

To develop a design for remediation of a particular landslide, numerous analyses should be performed and the output results (safety factors) must be following specific national standards. In the Republic of Macedonia and all over the Balkans, JUS (Yugoslavian standards) was used as a set of technical rules, for design in the past, which proved to be very satisfactory. JUS is based on a single value, a so-called global factor of safety included at the end of the calculation. The problem with this methodological approach is that the margin of safety of the input parameters (which can be of crucial importance) is unknown. Eurocode (EC) on the other hand, is based on partial safety factors, accenting all the variables (actions, materials and resistance). The idea behind the EC, which had a rapid expansion in the last two decades, is to unify standards that will be universal and used all across Europe. This paper represents a comparative analysis between the two methodologically different approaches (EC and JUS), highlighting the crucial aspects of calculation and final design for landslide remediation. Namely, the research aims to give an overview of the design of a retaining structure founded on double-row piles, whereby a critical commentary will be given related to the comparison between the results obtained with EC (especially EC 7) and JUS. The values of the displacements and the ultimate static forces/moments on one side and the required reinforcement, concrete class and concrete cover on another side will be compared and discussed.