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Keywords: tunnel crown
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Proceedings Papers

Paper presented at the 13th ISRM International Congress of Rock Mechanics, May 10–13, 2015
Paper Number: ISRM-13CONGRESS-2015-260
... by the electro-optical distance meter. Then, we have proposed a method that uses tilt sensors installed at the tunnel crown near the face to obtain the slight tilting information. To measure inclination of the tunnel crown, this inclinometer was originally developed as a daily management measurement...
Proceedings Papers

Paper presented at the 9th ISRM Congress, August 25–28, 1999
Paper Number: ISRM-9CONGRESS-1999-050
... conditions \ ,\ ' *2 This arrangement is for upper face only ,. t it is considered that the fractal dimensions represent the geological conditions of the tunnel face both quantitatively and objectively. Especially at the 170m point at which the fractal dimension is nearly 1.60, failure of the tunnel crown...

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