... topography. The major horizontal stress generally exceeded the vertical stress in the Norwegian region with an average ratio of 1.2. The stress gradients appeared to decrease with increasing overburden. The influence of topography on the principal stresses seemed to decrease inwards the rock mass...

... subsidence at limestone mines due to the irregular and complicated shape of the mined cavities. metals & mining simulation numerical simulation overburden hazard korea cross-section mined cavity displacement vector knowledge management displacement stability gallery srf subsidence...

... (Figure. 1, left). In order to plan its future activities and guarantee the preservation of the historical site, the cement producer wanted to determine the security distance to keep between the current open-pit quarry and the Trou Loulou. structural geology underground cavity overburden...

... tunnel alignment excavation brazil structural geology construction overburden hillside drilling Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development Fontoura, Rocca & Pavón Mendoza (Eds) © 2020 ISRM, ISBN 978-0-367-42284-4 Investigation, design and construction of 5 NATM...

... before the moratorium started and describes a characteristic vertical cross section of the salt dome considering the main geological layers of the salt structure and overburden in a more detailed way. 2 GEOLOGICAL SITUATION Figure 1 depicts the simplified vertical cross section C-C of the Gorleben site...

...). The structure of the overburden and country rock includes the caprock, Bunter, Muschelkalk, Keuper, Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Quaternary layers. 3 GEOMECHANICAL MODEL 3.1 Idealized geological structure and mining configuration To develop the geomechanical model for the numerical anal- ysis, the geological...

... the two is expected to be 20 m. The North entrance area is flat, so the low overburden (less than 20 m) is expected along the first 200 m of the tunnel. On the southern side, the length of the low overburden is smaller about 60 m. Investigations for the design have been accomplished in two phases...

... ABSTRACT For infrastructure projects with shallow overburden a comprehensive geotechnical monitoring program and its implementation in the daily operation is essential for a successful and safe completion of the works. A continuous control of both the tunnel and the surface according...

... stress measurements by flat jack tests and hydraulic fracturing tests. The measured vertical stress was more than the stress due to overburden of rock cover and horizontal stress was higher than the vertical stress in general. The average vertical stress as measured by hydraulic fracturing test...

... propagation from overburden, position of a discontinuity in relation to the tunnel, and normal and shear stiffness of the discontinuity, was studied by using the Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC). The results show that increasing overburden reduces the vibration levels on the ground surface. Furthermore...

... seismically induced stress fit in with some seismic damage patterns. The simulation results provide partly evidence for seismic damage mechanism of tunnels in shallow overburden. Reservoir Characterization axial-and flexural stress Rayleigh wave shear-and flexural stress tunnel lining frequency...

... Reservoir Characterization vicinity normal load bearing capacity internal friction coalfield overburden calculation metals & mining residual load stability dimension coalface convergence application roadway collapsible overburden equation procedure roof bolt rock mass...

... occurs following the failure of the mine roof which migrates through the overlying strata until the failure zone intercepts the unconsolidated overburden. Of the many factors which influence the subsidence the important factors include a shallow depth of cover, competence and nature of mined...

... with the existing data to justify its adoption in practice. 1 INTRODUCTION The concept of stand-up time as the bridging action period in underground excavation was first introduced by Lauffer (1958). It is the time taken by the rock mass above the crown to transmit the overburden pressure to the side walls...

... overburden information database ground transportation tunnel tube homogeneous zone cost center support classification excavation method rail transportation support class Chainage tunnel rock mass type relevance Fault Zone alignment geotechnical homogeneous zone geomechanical...

...11th Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics Ribeiro e Sousa, Olalla & Grossmann (eds) © 2007 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-45084-3 The influences of the height of overburden and unsupported tunnel length on tunnel face stability A. Preh, R. Poisel & B. Bogner...

... mechanism overburden extraction ratio operation pillar 243 DIDIER C., JOSIEN J.P., Importance of failure mechanisms for management of surface instability risk above abandoned mines. ISRM 2003 Technology roadmap for rock mechanics, South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003. Importance...

... is into the mountain slope. The overburden varies between 0 m and 1,000 m. The mining method employed is post pillar mining with uncemented backfill. The pillars are rectangular in cross-section with a width of ~5 m and a length of 15 m. In a first step a 7 m high opening at the deepest point of a mining area...

... disturbance overburden sidewall Earthquake frequency Kobe oscillation dynamic behaviour Bantaki Tunnel tunnel Damage Pattern circular tunnel daikai underground station vertical oscillation 1257 Uenishi, K., Sakurai, S. The importance of incorporating dynamic effects of vertical oscillations...

... Kohlepfeilerauslegung zu verwenden. Introduction The traditional way of calculating pillar loads in South African coal mining, is using the Tributary Area Theory, TAT, which is based on the assumption that each pillar is responsible for bearing the weight of the overburden above it. While this is a handy...