... from the advance of the driving face, in a tunnel driven through an imperfectly elastic rock mass. lining design wall convergence displacement Ladanyi convergence loading history time-dependent ground response curve ground pressure Gill characteristic line lining isochronous...

... SYNOPSIS: This paper deals with certain methods of lining design for underground workings, based on investigation of the joint deformation of the lining and the surrounding rock massif. Discussed a method for designing a system of anchors around the working in a linearly deformable medium...

... methods of lining design do not fully represent the features of static behaviour of linings and the great diversity of conditions and factors that influence their stressed state. Design methods applied in practice and based on the division of loads into "active", not depending upon the features...