ABSTRACT:

Stressed-strained state of rock foundation and concrete dam in operation stage and in limit state as well as conditions of dam stability are analysed. Investigations are carried out for concrete gravity dam (with height of 110 m) of Kapanda hydroelectric station operating in three-dimensional conditions. Calculations of stressed-strained state are fulfilled by finite elements method in linear-elastic and non-linear definition. In operation stage the loads of basic combination were taken into account, limiting state was achieved at the expense of increasing of hydrostatic load on upstream face. The results of dam stability calculations by two schemas are compared with the results of experimental investigations on models. Recommendations concerning estimation of stabilities and load carrying capacity of rock foundation of concrete gravity dams operating in three-dimensional conditions are given.

RESUME:

On etude l"etat de contrainte et deformation du rocher de fondation et du barrage en beton pendant l"exploitation et è l"etat limite, ainsi que les conditions de la stabilite du barrage. Les etudes sont realisees pour le barrage-poids en beton de 110 m de hauteur de l"amenagement de Capanda qui traveille das les conditions tridimentionelles. Les calculs de l"etat de contrainte et deformation ont ete realises par la methode des elements finis pour le problème lineaire-elastique et non lineaire. Pendant l"exploitation on tenait compte des charges principales, l"etat de contrainte etant obtenu par l"augmentation de la charge hydrostatique sur le parement amont. Les resultats des calculs de la stabilite du barrage selon deux schemas ont ete compares avec les resultats des experiments sur les modèles. Sont don- nees les recommandations concernant l"estimation de la resistance et de la capacite portante du rocher de fondation des barrages-poids en beton qui travaillent dans les conditions tridimentionnelles.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:

Das Spannungsdehnungsverhalten des Felsuntergrundes·und der Betonstaumauer wahrend des Betriebes und im Grenzgleichgewichtszustand sowie die Standsicherheit der Stau- mauer werden analysiert. Die dreidimensionalen Untersuchungen sind fuer eine 100 m hohe Betongewichtsstaumauer (Projekt Kapanda) durchgefuehrt. Das Spannungsdehnungsverhalten ist mit der Methode derfiniten Elemente (FEM) als linear-elastische und nichtlineare Aufgabe berechnet. Wahrend der Betriebsphase wurden verschiedene Kombinationen der Hauptbelastungen (Lastfalle) beruecksichtigt, der Grenzgleichgewichtszustand wurde durch die Erhöhung der Wasserdruckbelastung der Oberwasserseite erreicht. Die Ergebnisse der Standsicherheitsberechnungen der Stau- mauer mach zwei unterschiedlichen Ansatzen sind den Ergebnissen der experimentellen Modelluntersuchungen gegenuebergestellt worden. Die Empfehlungen zur Einschatzung der Festigkeit sowie Widerstandsfahigkeit des dreidemensional mitwirkenden Felsuntergrundes werden angeboten.

1 INTRODUCTION

Kapanda hydroelectric station is built in Angola at Kwanza river by Odebrecht (Brazilian building co.) by the Hydroproject project (the Soviet Union). Hydroelectric station consists of concrete dam, intake, building of" hydroelectrical power plant and open spreading device. Gravity dam is built of Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) with total length of 1203 m and maximal height of 110 m. Bed of Kwanza river is situated in relatively narrow canyon with height of 60 m at ratio of site width to height about 2.5. In bed part the dam is designed as unified block with length by crest of 217 m (Fig. 1); this provides to increase dam stability and to avoid the cutting in rock foundation. The experience of operation of concrete gravity dams in three-dimensional conditions shows that in bank zones of foundation under upstream face there are appeared decompaction area and connecting with them higher filtration. In connection with this the investigation of stress-strained state of dam and foundation taking into-account their joint operation and bearing capacity of dam - foundation~ system is of great importance in the project.

ccording to the existing in the USSR building codes and regulations (SNiP).

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