The problems of hydromechanical parameters evaluation specifically concerning fissured rock mass filtration properties are characteristic of mining and building. The are of the greatest significance for industrial sewage and liquid toxic waste burial designing, particularly in connection with the environmental protection problems. The main principles of the report based on theoretical and experimental research allow to solve a wide variety of scientific and practical problems in this sphere.
Les taches selon les paramètres hydrogeomecaniques, en particulier, selon les caracteristiques à filtrer des massifs des roches fissurees sont typiques pour l'industrie minière et la construction. Elles prennent la plus grande nettete au cours d'un projet de l'inhumation des ecoulements industriels et des dechets liquides, toxiques surtout en rapport avec la protection de l'environnement. Les regularites presentees à ce rapport obtenues sur la base des recherches experimentales et theoriques permettent de resoudre beaucoup de taches scientifiques et pratiques dans ce domaine.
Die Einschatzung der hydrogeomechanischen parameter, insbesondere der Filtrationseigenschaften des klueftigen Festgesteins ist fuer das Bergbau- und Bauwesen kennzeichnend. Maximal akut wird sie bei der Projektierung der Begrabung von fluessigen toxischen Produktionsabfallen, besonders im zusammenhang mit dem Umweltechutz. Die im Vortrag genannten Gesetzmaβigkeiten, die anhand der theoretischen und experimentellen Untersuchungen ermittelt worden sind, gestatten zablreiche wissenschaftliche und praktieche Aufgaben auf diesem Gebiet zu lösen.
Nowadays it is universally recognized that fissured rock filtration properties weaken with depth. However the absence of ideas on this phenomenon's mechanism makes it necessary to perform engineering geology and hyrogeology exploration and investigation work at each object which allows finally to obtain only partial empirical relationships between rock massif filtration properties and its structural and mechanical behavior. The theoretical relationships determining values of fissured rock filtration properties on the basis of account of their individual structure establish relation between filtration coefficient on the one hand and fissure spatial orientation, fissure opening magnitude and their density on the other hand. Therefore in the light of available theoretical statements in order to make clear the nature of fissure permeability changes with depth it is necessary to establish which of the said values change with rock bedding depth and which of them are constant, i.e. are parameters. For this purpose the Authors carried out a number of investigations aimed to rock fissure parameter studying and summarized and analysed the results of fissured rock studies from this point of view which were published in literature, included into reports of mineral deposit prospecting, investigations at sites of underground water intake plant construction and hydraulic structures. The analysis of rock fissuring included not only results of fissure in-situ measurements in mining excavations and rock exposures but also well core fissuring measurements were used to a maximum extent. All this gave a possibility to investigate fissured rocks characterized by essentially different geological and structural conditions, geological development history, lithological and mineralogical composition and their position in different climatic conditions. The obtained results showed that beyond the weathering influence depth which as a rule does not exceed 70–100 m And is limited by 20–50 m rock fissuring intensity does not change with depth and the same may be said about spatial orientation of main fissure systems. The investigations at one of Ukraine ore deposits may be taken as an example which were performed on the basis of rook fissuring study of well bores. The results of these studies were confirmed by in-situ measurements of fissuring parameters in mining excavations at different mine levels. While core characterization two gradations of metamorphized fissured rocks are adapted: 1.intensively fissured rock with medium intervals between fissures less, than 0,1 m; 2.fissured and feebly fissured rock with medium intervals between fissures more than 0,1m.These groups fully determine metamorphized rock probable behavior with respect to degree of fissuring. Below the zone of weathering influence the thickness of which was adopted equal to 100 m metamorphized rocks were divided along depth into 12 intervals the thickness of which was supposed to be 100 m. Thus rock fissuring degree was traced up to the 1300 m depth. In order to exclude the influence of rock lithological composition when fissuring pattern change establishment, processing of fissuring measurement results was done separately for each of lithological rock variety. In subsequent designs the results of fissure measurements of the well bore cores performed only along representative intervals were adopted. An interval was considered a representative one if rock lithological variety had been stripped not less than 0,7 of its extent, i.e. 70 m.
