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Doll (1956) first introduced a wireline formation testing tool for determining hydraulic characteristics of formations. The second tool of this type, shown in Fig. 1.1, named the Formation Tester (FT), was introduced by Lebourg et al. (1957) and was first run on the logging cable in 1955 in the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas. The third wireline formation testing tool, named the Formation Interval Tester (FIT), as shown in Fig. 1.2, was introduced by Burnett and Mixa (1964). We call these first-generation wireline formation testing tools. They had several limitations, which included a single test per downhole trip; they were time consuming to run; they had poor pressure gauge accuracy and resolution; and the operation and data acquisition could not be controlled by surface monitoring. A detailed development history of the wireline formation testing tools are given by Kuchuk et al. (2010). In this chapter, we present only a short summary.

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