... Abstract The combustion of fossil fuels to produce heat energy involves basically the reactions of forming gaseous carbon dioxide from the combustion with oxygen of solid carbon or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, carried out irreversibly. If these reactions can be carried out reversibly...

... for large quantities of fuel oil. Concentrated efforts were made to introduce fuel oil as a basic form of heat energy, to a number of manufacturing processes with the result that many of the advantages associated with the use of liquid fuels were recognised. This led to the conversion of many furnaces...