Innovative Approaches for the Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Groundwater Available to Purchase

Contamination of shallow monitored natural attenuation - the use of groundwater is a serious environmental problem monitoring to show that natural processes are facing industry. Selecting an appropriate remediating contaminated groundwater to meet approach to remediate contaminated groundwater clean-up goals. This approach is a low-cost, is vital to ensure that a cost-effective solution is long term alternative to aggressive, engineered implemented. Remedial options range from remediation. conventional to innovative. Different techniques CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR have pros and cons, depending upon HYDROCARBON TREATMENT hydrogeology, contaminant properties, remedial goals, and economics. Case histories on the Constructed wetlands have been frequently following innovative techniques for treatment of applied for treatment of acid mine drainage and hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater are municipal wastewater. However, using presented: constructed wetlands to treat dissolved phase hydrocarbons is a relatively novel technique. A · constructed wetlands - enhancing natural pilot-scale constructed wetland was implemented remediation processes which occur in in 1997 as a potentially low cost alternative to wetlands provides an innovative, mechanical treatment of condensateenvironmentally friendly alternative to contaminated groundwater. Inflow water to the mechanical treatment of contaminated wetland contains between 15 to 20 mg/L of C5- groundwater; C12 hydrocarbons, including 50% benzene and xylene compounds. When the wetland · multi-phase extraction - using high suction subsurface is aerated to prevent freeze-up during at the groundwater surface dramatically winter, hydrocarbon removal efficiency is 100%. increases removal rates of floating free Without aeration, hydrocarbon removal product relative to conventional skimming. seasonally varies from 30% to 100%. Removal An added benefit is that soils above the efficiency correlates with temperature. groundwater are treated simultaneously; Hydrocarbons not removed in the wetland are subsequently removed due to natural processes · trench and gate - the use of trenches to along the outflow channel. Volatilization and enable plume capture and treatment is biodegradation appear to be the main removal ideally suited for hydrocarbon-contaminated mechanisms. At present, the flora is being groundwater in low permeability sediments; evaluated for their role in the clean-up process (i.e. phytoremediation). The preliminary results · air and pure oxygen sparging - injection indicate that capital costs are similar for wetlands of air, or alternatively, pure oxygen, into the versus mechanical treatment at this site; groundwater provides