Based on exhaust emission legislation, possible prime movers are investigated systematically from the point of view of achieving emission control, technical feasibility, suitability and cost. From this study reciprocating engines with internal cyclic combustion are regarded as promising solution for the foreseeable future.
Hence fuel quality aspects are concentrated on the problem of anti-knock quality and cost of lead reduction, taking into account other criteria involved.
Because the benefit of exhaust purification hardly can be expressed in monetary value, a system of achievement of objectives is proposed which is regarded to be a meaningful approach to a benefit/cost analysis.
Compte-tenu de la législation des gaz d'échappement. on examine les appareils moteurs envisageables sur les points suivants: obtention du contrôle des émissions, faisabilité technique, adaptabilité et coûts.
Ces études montrent que les moteurs à pistons et à combustion interne constituent une solution prometteuse pour l'avenir prévisible.
Désormais les problèmes du carburant se ramènent à celui du pouvoir anti-détonant et des coûts de diminution de la teneur en plomb qui prend en considération d'autres critères.
Comme il est difficile d'évaluer le bénéfice de l'épuration des gaz d'échappement, on propose un système considéré comme une approche significative à une analyse coût/bénéfice.
Diesel fuels have not been considered because of their good potential availability.
Exhaust emission control has direct influence on engine design and direct as well as indirect influence on automotive fuel quality. Consequently the cost for manufacturing of engines and fuels will increase. In addition to the environmental aspects, optimum utilisation of energy became a dominant factor due to the increased price of crude oil. Hence, apart from limiting exhaust gas constituents, it seems necessary to limit also fuel consumption in the typical emission test cycles.
For reasons shown later, this paper will concentrate on conventional engines and gasoline lead reduction, although other prime moving systems and fuel characteristics will be considered in principle.
Emission legislation The standards of the anticipated exhaust emission test methods can be met only if NO, emissions will not be limited below 2.0 g/mile for the 1975 US test.
The 0.4 g/mile standard cannot be met over the entire mileage with a production system at justifiable cost.
So far this could be accomplished in a laboratory environment only. by W. E. A. DABELSTEIN, E. K. WALTER, E. G. ZESCHMANN, Hamburg, Federal Republic oj Germany, P. HOFBAUER and B. W. H. WIEDEMANN, Volkswagenwerk A. G., WolJSburg, Federal Republic of Germany Deutsche Shell A.G., Energy utilisation Figure 1 shows
