Fuels for Supersonic Transport Aircraft temperature; it refers to the reduction of seat tem- G. H. MEGUERIAN (U.S.A.): The paper states perature in order to keep it below 500°C. that for reasons of international operation the SST P. C. WHITE (U.S.A.): How frequently do you fuel should be the same as subsonic fuel. But a wash the turbine blades of the supercharger and what luminometer number of 60 is specified as against 45, is the amount of water used? which is generally available throughout the world. EYZAT: The washing frequency depends on the Is 60 necessary? ash content of the fuel used and on operating con- J. E. BESPOLOV (U.S.S.R.): No, the TU-144 can ditions. An increase of 40°C in exhaust temperature use a fuel with 45, but preferably 50. JP-5 fuel would or an inlet pressure increase of 100 mm Hg is required be satisfactory. to begin to wash. The frequency varies between the W. SWINARSKI (Poland): What kind of crude is range 100-300 hours for stable conditions with highused for making T-8? Do you wash with alkali or asphalt fuels and the range 500-1000 hours for variable water? Is fuel quality affected by temperature of conditions with low-asphalt fuels. The amount of hydrofining and what is the preferred temperature? water used is about 1 g of water per minute per bhp BESPOLOV: We used a crude from eastern during 20 minutes. This operation is carried out at U.S.S.R., but almost any crude can be used if proper low running conditions at approximately a quarter of reactor conditions are chosen. Ideally the feedstock the maximum torque. should contain no more than 18–20% aromatics. We R. E. TAYLOR (U.S.A.): What fuel temperature wash with alkali to remove H, S and then wash with must the preheater provide to produce the desired water. Reactor temperature is the same as that used viscosity (30cs) in the heaviest fuel you studied? everywhere, that is 300–360°C. But as 400°C is What type of injector cooling is used with asphaltic approached, the stability of the product is adversely fuels to keep the nozzles within desired limits? affected. EYZAT: Maximum temperatures are in the range 100-120°C. We tried many types of injector cooling and finally selected water cooling.
Rotary Engine and Fuel Utilisation d'une Grande Variete de Combustibles dans les Moteurs Diesel-Problems et Solutions T. B. TOM (U.S.A.): Are cold-flow additives used TAYLOR: What increase in emissions is observed extensively in diesel fuels in Europe? Would an over the 50000-mile certification test? How durable anti-smoke additive be required to comply with pol- are the seals and the rotor housing? Does unleaded lution regulations in France? Is th
