ABSTRACT.

Two methods for the catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons of the cyclopentadiene series were investigated: dehydrocyclization of 1,3-diolefins and dehydrogenation of five-membered cyclanes and ryrlenes. The dehydroryclization reaction was studied on piperylene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2- ethylbiitadiene and Z,3-heptadiene. To investigate the conditions of dehydrogenation, cyclopentane, cyclopentene and their nearest homologues were selected. It was established that cyclopentadiene and its homologues may be obtained in yields ranging from 18 to S870. Optimum operating conditions in the presence of an AI~O3Cr2O3-K2O catalyst are: temperature, 600°C; pressure, 20-25 mm. The study of the dehydrocyclization of diolefins showed that branched-chain C, hydrocarbone have a greater tendency to form five-membered rings than linear pentadienes. Piperylene is converted to cyclopentadiene with a yield of only 1870, whereas the conversion of 3-methyl-l,3-pentadiene and 2-ethylbutadiene to methylcyclopentadiene is 47 and 3870, respectively. Dehydrocyclization of 1'3- heptadiene takes place mainly with formation of toluene (-. 60%). In the absence of a catalyst the conversion of piperylene into cyclopentadiene amounted to only 170, whereas the yield was 18% with the catalyst. Under optima conditions, dehydrogenation of cyclopentene to cyclopentadiene takes place with a 58% yield, whereas the conversion of the homologues of cyclopentene to cyclopentadienes fluctuates within the limits of 28 to 47%. The dehydrogenation of cyclopentane and methylcyclopentane on platinized carbon is significant. The authors have found that at 600°C and diminished pressures (20 mm) these hydrocarbons dehydrogenate on Pt-C to form the corresponding cyclopentenes and cyclopentadienes, the yields of the latter being 9-16%.

RESUME.

Le mémoire expose l'étude de deux méthodes pour la synthèse catalytique des hydrocarbures de la série cyclopentadiène: par la déhydrocyclisation des 1,3 dioléfines et par la déhydrogénisation des cyclanes et des cyclènes à cinq membres. La réaction de la déhydrocyclisation a été observée sur le piperylène, le méthyl, le 1,3 pentadiène, le 2-éthylbutadiène et le 1,3-heptadiène. On a choisi le cyclopentane, le cyclopentène et leurs homologues les plus proches afin d'étudier les conditions de l'hydrogénation. L'on a établi que le cyclopentadiène et ses homologues peuvent être obtenus avec un rendement de 18%' à S87'0. Les conditions optima pour la réalisation de ces réactions en présence d'un catalyseur AIzO3-Cr2O3-K20 sont: une température de 6OO0C, une pression de 20-25mm. L'étude de la déhydrocyclysation des dioléfines a montré que les hydrocarbures du composé C en chaîne ramifiée possèdent une plus grande tendance à former des anneaux à 5 membres que les pentadiènes linéaires.

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