... always been accepted that surface arrays are immune to such an issue thanks to their broad aperture. In this paper, we demonstrate that the magnitude of completeness of a surface network also depends on source radiation patterns. In particular, the sensitivity to strike-slip events is lower than...

... Summary Microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing stimulations can be performed using either a downhole array in a nearby observation well or a large-aperture surface array of sensors. Borehole microseismic offers high sensitivity but possesses poor lateral accuracy and source...

... detections and improved focal mechanism solutions (FMS) for fracture network classification. Pioneer and numerous operators have shown that recording microseismic with a star-pattern surface array has proven to be successful in the Eagle Ford Shale Formation in South Texas. For Pioneer, this acquisition...

... feedback to the asset team (consisting of a completion engineer, geologist, and geophysicist) to help evaluate the effectiveness of the frac operation. There are three principal methods used to record the microseismic events: with a string of sensors in an adjacent borehole, with a surface array...