... are significantly smaller than the pore throats in the core plug. The core flooding results indicate that for siltstone samples, using fresh water as the leak-off fluid without surfactants results in a 9% permeability reduction from 2.6 μD to 2.4 μD, which is due to water trapping during flowback. "When using...

...). On the other hand, the shrinkage of organic matter increases fracture aperture (Levine 1996; Liu and Rutqvist 2010). The magnitude of permeability reduction caused by sorptive swelling represents the potential permeability enhancement in the event of desorption. In coals, methane desorption has been shown...

... Abstract This study presents a novel approach to describe permeability reduction of shale samples through combination of three main phenomena: micro crack closure pore shrinkage and connectivity loss due to the bond breakage between interconnected pores. Shale resources have...

.... We found that the adsorption of CO2 molecules reduced the permeability normal to bedding by about an order of magnitude. However, the permeability reduction parallel to bedding decreased by only ~10%. In both cases, the permeability reduction was reversible. That is, when the CO2 was desorbed, the He...

... on the differential stress level. Following a typical slow permeability reduction with increasing stress, a distinguished stage of accelerated permeability reduction is observed when the differential stress exceeds 3,160 psi. Interestingly the initial pore volume compressibility of the strong rock is measured as high...