... reservoir shale gas gas injection method natural gas injection seismic monitoring thermal method us government steam-assisted gravity drainage lpld event long period long duration seismic event seismometer high-pressure injection operation hammack enhanced recovery gas injection upstream...

... in Reagan County (RC), TX. LPLD events identified in this study show a dominant P-wave signal that persists for 5-10 seconds and significantly long duration compared to traditional microseismic events. We also noticed finite decay in seismic amplitude across the surface-monitoring array suggesting a non...

... duration (few seconds), and lower-frequency energy content (10–60 Hz). Previous researchers have observed similar low-frequency, long duration events in conjunction with the hydraulic fracturing of hydrocarbon reservoirs and have referred to them as long-period, long-duration (LPLD) events...

...-amplitude, impulsive events and 436 long period, long duration (LPLD) events, with highly emergent waveform characteristics. The time of occurrence of these observed LPLD events have no temporal correlation with the events reported in the regional earthquake catalogs and data from CEUSN stations, suggesting...

... in the ambient stress field is likely the dominant mechanism of deformation and plays a vital role in reservoir stimulation. We identified a total of 117 high-amplitude, impulsive events and 473 long period, long duration (LPLD) events from the combined dataset of Greene and Monongalia Counties. The timing...

... Summary In this study, we present the results of using Ant-tracking to identify faults in the vicinity of five horizontal wells drilled in the Barnett shale. In these five wells, Long Period Long Duration (LPLD) events were observed during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing. LPLD events...