Estimating Geothermal Reservoir Characteristics by Using Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery Data: A Case Study in Mount Tangkuban Perahu Area, West Java, Indonesia

The electricity in Indonesia still dominated by fossil energy which might cause many losses, especially to the environment. Renewable energy such as geothermal is needed to replace the fossil energy. It is the right choice in today's global sustainable development due to low carbon emissions. Indonesia has 40% of all geothermal potential all over the world. Geothermal energy potential in Indonesia is widespread in areas that traversed by the ring of fire or areas with active volcanic activity, one of them is Mount Tangkuban Perahu in West Java. Geothermal potential in an area could be known by the anomalies on surface manifestations such as fumaroles, hot spring, mud pools, steaming ground, sinter, and hydrothermal alteration. It is possible to identify areas that have the potential of geothermal energy based on their surface relief through remote sensing. Identification of anomalies obtains through the processing of Landsat 8 satellite imagery using thermal bands 10 and 11 with Thermal Infrared (TIR) sensors. Remote sensing is very effective in identifying manifestations and potential of geothermal energy because it can cover data on a wide area, time, and cost-efficiency. In addition to fluid manifestations, remote sensing can also identify the distribution of minerals in areas to estimate the reservoir characteristics of a geothermal system. This study aims to estimate the geothermal reservoir characteristics in Mount Tangkuban Perahu area that used as an initial consideration in geothermal exploration and further geothermal research in other areas. The methods use in this research are Split-Window Algorithm (SWA) to find the distribution of manifestations, calculations of Radiative Heat Flux (RHF) to obtain an estimation of geothermal resource potential, and bands ratio to identify the distribution of the hydrothermal alteration minerals. The results will provide information about surface temperature and heat losses based on anomalous manifestations, estimation of power electricity resource, surface mineral distribution, geomorphological features, and a conceptual model of Mount Tangkuban Perahu geothermal system.