... tools. These tools were applied to casings ranging from 7 to 9.625 in diameter and aged between 10 to 40 years, in both vertical and sub-vertical wells, for precise casing and cement inspections. Additionally, a fifth technology was used to detect potential fluid migration behind the casing in wells...

... of the energy is absorbed by the bond with little being able to return. This half-century-old approach has not yet developed quantitatively beyond the first casing-cement interface leaving other interfaces, including the very important cement-to-formation bond, with very subjective interpretations. It is fair...