... water", which contained 2435-ppm total dissolved solids (TDS), including 128-ppm calcium and 11-ppm magnesium. The current work expands the study of the "tailing" phenomenon to include salinities from 2400-to 27600-ppm TDS, divalent cation concentrations from 0 to 6000-ppm, and ATBS content...

... Abstract The hybrid low-salinity polymer (LSP) injection technique has potential for significant synergistic advantages as an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) approach. Previous studies indicated that LSP-injection appreciably improves polymer rheology, injectivity, viscoelasticity, and displacement...

... water salinity. Background: Produced Water Management Solutions Disposal Injection of the produced water into disposal wells is the most common method to manage large volumes of produced water ( Pica et al., 2017 ). This method is widely considered economical; however, it has a number...

... The high salinity in the formation of water is mainly due to the presence of sodium chloride, while the calcium and magnesium are the dominant ions in the injected freshwater. So, the ion exchange between the two was expected to occur during the flooding. The reservoir is heterogeneous with permeability...

... and gas. Conventional foaming systems exhibit stability issues at the high temperature and high salinity reservoir conditions. In this investigation, we study the stability and efficiency (in terms of both enhanced inflow performance and added oil recovery) of foams formed using surfactant solution...

..., in the absence of crude oil, was obtained for these surfactant formulations at their respective optimum salinities. NaPA was then added to these surfactant formulations and similar adsorption tests were conducted. Finally, oil recovery SP corefloods were conducted for each surfactant formulations...

... treated with higher dosages (4–8 GPT) of HVFRs withstand the effect of hardness, salinity, and heavy metals and remain stable at various shear rates (66–330 s −1 ). No treatment was done on the Bakken produced water except filtration and dilution. intervención de pozos petroleros enhanced recovery...

... gravity with acid number equaling 2.1 mg of KOH/gm. The average porosity and permeability of core samples were found to be approximately 20% and 6 md respectively. XRD and FESEM analysis showed the presence of silica, quartz and smectite clays in the rock samples. The total salinity based on the ionic...

... Abstract In Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) operations, condensed water dissolves the formation minerals and mixes with formation water, and its salinity changes over time. For the salinity levels below a critical salt concentration, brine reacts with the formation clays and affects...

... Abstract The effect of water chemistry on water-rock interactions and wettability modification during (low ionic strength) low salinity (LS) waterflooding of sandstone cores containing heavy and light oil was investigated. Results are reported from both coreflooding experiments and through...

... and structural forces are independent of the water film salinity and surface potentials, these forces affect the contact angle. In other words, while VdW and structural forces affect contact angle, changes in the contact angle due to changes in water chemistry are controlled by EDL forces. Contact angle...

... Abstract Assessment of the potential of polymer flooding and gel treatment to investigate their roles of improving sweep efficiency requires an accurate modeling of polymer rheology (polymer viscosity versus shear rate) coupled with the effects of water salinity. A 3-D simulation model...

... Abstract The conventional method for describing transport of solutes such as salt, polymer and tracers is to use the mass conservation law. In simulation of this law for Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF), the effective salinity range defines how salt affects the mobility of water and appears...

... or pecan shell), medium size, filtration flux, water salinity, and oil concentration. The flux limit for common 12/20 media is 12.0 gpm/ft 2 for fresh water operation and 13.0 gpm/ft 2 for saline water. Decreasing the medium size to 20/30 mesh increased the allowable flux limit but at the expense...

... Abstract Double layer Expansion (DLE) is proposed as one of the mechanisms responsible for Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) during Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF). This expansion is triggered by the overlap between the diffuse double layers. We performed molecular simulation to study...

... Abstract The recovery of oil from carbonate reservoirs is usually low due to their extreme heterogeneity caused by natural fractures and the nature of the oil-wet matrix. Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) and preformed particle gels (PPGs) control conformance are two novel technologies...

... reservoir. The first field-scale tests of this technique were conducted by BP in the Endicott reservoir on the North Slope and produced good results by lowering the salinity of injection water. Those tests showed that alteration to injection water chemistry can increase recovery significantly...

... Abstract Destabilized asphaltenes cause serious problems by precipitating in the reservoir pores which reduces the oil flow by decreasing the reservoir porosity and permeability significantly. This study investigates the impact of clays and salinity on the stability of asphaltenes for five...

... Abstract Low-salinity waterflooding has proven to be an appealing technique for enhancing oil recovery in conventional reservoirs. However, few studies have been conducted on low-salinity brines (LSBs) for hydraulic fracturing in liquids-rich shale plays with or without surfactant. Additionally...

... Summary Low Salinity Waterflooding (LSW) is an emerging attractive enhanced oil recovery method; however, the concept of LSW is relatively new and, most references focus only on the experimental and theoretical work, with somewhat contradictory results. This paper presents a systematic research...