... profiling by causing uncertainty in estimation of phase holdups. This can cause significant errors in calculated flow rates or in some cases rendering most of the production logging sensors ineffective. In order to overcome these challenges, an integrated solution from different measurements is required...

... Abstract The maturing Middle Eastern oil fields with natural aquifer support or water injection can pose a challenging produced water handling and disposal issues. The increased water-oil ratio also presents productivity problems: many wells will die prematurely due to increased water holdup...