... the steady state SR of aragonite above 1, while the aragonite crystals became significantly smaller when Mg 2+ precipitated as an amorphous solid and the residual concentration in solution was low. Siderite is less soluble than aragonite, and in 50 wt% MEG at 80 °C, its precipitation rate was sufficiently...

...% MEG solutions at 80°C. Divalent cations and alkalinity solutions were dosed into the reactor and the mixed solution was pumped out at controlled rates. Steel rods were inserted into the test solution to measure scaling rates. The growth of scale and particles in bulk solution with varying Mg 2+ , Fe 2...

... Abstract In this paper, the properties of precipitated “mixed” calcium and magnesium phosphonate scale inhibitor (SI) complexes formed by 9 common phosphonate species are investigated. These complexes are of the form SI_ Ca Nl _ Mg N2 where the stoichiometry (Ca 2+ /SI and Mg 2+ /SI molar...

... inhibitor selection to prevent inorganic scale deposition resulting in better fracture performance. shale gas hydraulic fracturing produced water discharge complex reservoir chemistry formation brine Upstream Oil & Gas Shale Development mg 2 reactive transport model caco 3 flowback...

... functionality. The effect of pH on each SIs IE is explained in terms of SI speciation and binding to Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ (and possibly Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ ). In some cases there is an "optimum pH" for the effective operation of a specific SI, depending on the nature of the functional groups present in the chemical...

..., and the molar ratio Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ in the produced waters all evolve over time. This paper describes the effects of SR and molar ratio Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ on the barium-sulfate inhibition efficiency (IE) of nine phosphonate scale inhibitors (SIs): OMTHP (hexa-phosphonate), DETPMP and HMTPMP (penta-phosphonates), HMDP...

... Abstract Phosphonate scale inhibitors (SIs) are commonly applied for barite scale prevention in oilfields. Their inhibition efficiency (IE) is affected by the barium sulphate saturation ratio (SR) of the brine mix as well as in the presence of divalent cations, Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . What is less...

... of Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ in the produced waters are all evolving over time. This paper describes the effects of saturation ratio (SR) and Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ratio on barium sulphate inhibition efficiency (IE) of the polymeric scale inhibitors (SI), PPCA (phosphino poly carboxylic acid), MAT (maleic acid terpolymer...

... Abstract This paper discusses the effects of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Fe 2+ on inhibitor retention and release. Better understanding of phosphonate reactions during inhibitor squeeze treatments has direct implication on how to design and improve scale inhibitor squeeze treatments for optimum scale...

... corrosion inhibitors. paraffin remediation residence time hydrate inhibition mg 2 heterogeneous nucleation deposition hydrate remediation wax remediation ppca assessment scale remediation asphaltene inhibition scale deposition adhesion efficiency flow condition wax inhibition graham...

... will be discussed. upstream oil & gas electrode jar test asphaltene remediation remediation of hydrates calcium carbonate mg 2 electrochemical approach engineering levich analysis rotational speed metal surface hydrate remediation oilfield chemistry deposition microscopy protection...

...-120°C the precipitation at SR = 1.6 was observed after a few seconds. This is reasonable since the Calcite crystals suspended in the solution act as crystallisation sites for the dissolved carbonate. It was also observed that Mg 2+ and SO 4 2- ions in the solution increased the induction time...