... coefficient foam flow downhole venturi nozzle choke pressure gradient foam quality gas velocity superficial liquid velocity Introduction Over the lives of most gas wells, as the reservoir pressures decline, the production rates reduce. These wells eventually become ‘marginal’. Marginal gas...

... and using some of the available literature data on foam, a foam pressure drop model was developed, and compared with 570 data points collected from many gas wells. The match between the model and the actual observations is reasonable. The model can be further improved if additional data on the foam quality...

... foam flow through 2", 3" and 4" pipe sections, and a 6"×3.5" annular section. During the experiments, frictional pressure losses across the pipe and annular sections were measured for different gas/liquid flow rates, polymer concentrations (0%, 0.25% and 0.5%) and foam qualities (70%, 80% and 90...

... of the foam fluids. These new correlations are functions of temperature, foam quality, shear rate, and fluid concentrations. The correlations were compared with various published correlations. The available correlations in the literature have assumed that the flow behavior index of the foam is similar...

... xanthan gel and xanthan foam exhibited a behavior analogous to Herschel-Bulkley model fluids. It was found that the foam viscosity increases as the foam quality increases and more viscous liquid phase generated higher foam viscosities. The increase of temperature had an adverse effect on foam viscosity...

... the experiment with 64% and 66% quality foams and found that even more fluid was flowing through the low-permeability core. By conducting two more such experiments (with 18- and 66-md and with 10- and 38-md cores), they concluded that diverting action by foam is the greatest for a foam quality of about 65...

... ABSTRACT Foams are complex mixtures of gas and liquid whose rheological properties are largely influenced by foam quality, temperature, pressure and shear rates. A comprehensive study of the effects of these variables on the rheological properties of foams was conducted as a first step...

... are discussed including such methods as intermittent lift, plunger lift, use of foam, gas lift, and rod, jet, and electric submersible pumps. Advantages, disadvantages, and techniques for design and application of the methods of liquid removal are discussed. gas velocity foam quality gradient ipr curve...