This paper outlines the principles and actual learning from the whole process of designing the inherently safer production Xmas Trees and wellheads and highlights the benefits of early consultation with the regulator during the design phase of a project. The paper demonstrates how to reduce the risks to individuals by the rigorous application of good engineering practice.

Keywords:
requirement, xmas tree, valve, reasonably practicable, likelihood, regulator, society of petroleum engineers, recommendation, category, clair
Subjects:
Safety
Copyright 2003, Society of Petroleum Engineers
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