...-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) as a crosslink delay agent increases the gelation time by several days at temperatures well above 100 °C. Resulting gels were significantly stronger than those prepared with chromium acetate crosslinker at the same polymer concentrations. The HPAM-PEI-AMPS...

...) gelation-time measurement and (2) effectiveness to limit permeability to water and thermal stability in sandpack flow tests at elevated temperatures. To date, more than 70 jobs have been successfully performed worldwide with the OCP at temperatures higher than 250°F. enhanced recovery Fluid Dynamics...

... as the plugging agents suitable for oil and gas reservoir containing H 2 S. Upstream Oil & Gas concentration composition gelation time chemical flooding methods HPAM gel crosslinker gel pH value agent enhanced recovery cr 2 inorganic chromium phenol formaldehyde resin hpam gel Sydansk...

... and gelation time data were all integrated to provide further insights into differences between the two systems. Isobutene was identified at temperatures as low as 60°C. In addition, GC studies revealed for the first time the release of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a product of thermal decomposition of the tBA...

... applications (up to 275°F) has been modified to extend its applicability up to 375°F. Recently developed base polymer, crosslinker, and retarder were tested successfully to extend the temperature range of applicability of this polymer system. Discussed are: (1) methodology used for gelation time measurement...

... and Alcoflood 935 for a weak gel; were used. Both of these polymers were crosslinked with Cr +3 acetate. The laboratory studies consist of the bottle tests to determine the gelation times and core flooding tests to evaluate the gel performance under CO 2 injection conditions. The strong Alcoflood 254 S gel...

... Abstract This paper gives some recommendations of the pertinent rheological measurements for an efficient gel screening in water shut off and conformance improvement treatments. The proposed methodology is based on measurements of gelation time and final yield stress, which are related...

... crosslinker application sodium bicarbonate geology bicarbonate geologist high temperature gelation time SPE 37246 Delaying Gelation of Aqueous Polymers at Elevated Temperatures Using Novel Organic Crosslinkers H.T. Dovan, SPE, and R.D. Hutchins, SPE, Unocal and B.B. Sandiford, SPE, Polymer...

... Abstract The effect of pH on the gelation time of xanthan/Cr(III) have been studied. Few previous studies on the effect of this important reservoir parameter have been reported, and the reported results vary substantially. This is probably due to different conditions used in the experiments...

... the polymers and crosslinkers can be screened, and the least toxic and least costly can be selected for further studies. In these studies the gelant can be optimized regarding gelation time, including the effect of pH and temperature, gel appearance as a function of concentration of both polymer...

... ABSTRACT The general conditions for gel formation by phenolformaldehyde polymer solutions have been examined in studies with three acrylamide polymers. Contrary to an earlier report, polymer crosslinking is found to take place over a wide interval of pH. While the gelation time is relatively...

... Experiments on un-buffered compositions at initial pH 5 showed that, on account of the rapid rise in pH, the gelation kinetics follow closely those of the compositions, buffered at pH 7 ( Figure 9 ). We conclude, therefore, that the gelation times reported in this paper for un-buffered malonate...

... media, are presented. NMR imaging constitutes a powerful tool to characterize the gelling process inside the porous media complementary to the classical displacement tests (i.e. pressure drop). gelation time variation fluid dynamics paramagnetic ion log analysis initial ph chromium flow...

... the logarithm of gelation time and the reciprocal of absolute temperature. The slope of lines corresponding to different concentrations of xanthan and Chromium (III) were the same. Using the theory of Hurd and Letteron, the activation energy for the xanthan / chromium (III) reaction were calculated to 96 kJ/mol...