Abstract
Reservoir inflow control is important for maximizing hydrocarbon production. Traditional in-flow control devices (ICDs) attempt to balance the completion pressure differential with the reservoir pressure differential so that a balanced influx across production zones is maintained. This maximizes oil production by delaying unwanted fluids from breaking through. Unfortunately, when lower viscosity fluids do break through, they can take over the well, significantly reducing production of the desired hydrocarbon. Autonomous Inflow Control Devices (AICDs) are a new generation of ICDs. When hydrocarbons are producing from all zones, the AICD will behave as a traditional ICD, balancing flow. However, when low-viscosity (undesired) fluids break through, the AICD chokes them, significantly slowing flow from the zone producing the undesirable fluids. This autonomous function enables the well to continue producing the desired hydrocarbons for a longer time, maximizing total production. The AICD creates this change in behavior without control lines, moving parts, or electronics.
The paper describes the laboratory testing performed to evaluate the performance of the fluidic diode type AICD Range 3B in field-like conditions and compares flow performance curves to a traditional nozzle type ICD. The fluidic diode AICD Range 3B is similar to the original design now referred to as the Range 3A (Least et al, 2012) in that it is best suited for oil viscosities of 3-200 cP but has slightly more open flow paths which allow for increased flow rates in turn allowing fewer inserts per screen joint while keeping similar performance ratios. Results from single-phase experimental flow testing with model fluids and crude oil are presented and discussed.
The testing results proved that the AICD could restrict flow from zones producing undesirable fluids. The discussion further shows that if technology such as the new AICD is applied to new well completion designs, total hydrocarbon recovery will be enhanced, providing a significant benefit for production companies and those involved in design and modeling of new well completions.
