... produced water obtained from zero liquid discharge (ZLD) technology has been used to evaluate the potential of recycled produced water in polymer flooding, gel- and foam-based mobility control processes. Both static and dynamic tests were conducted at ambient and elevated temperatures using high salinity...

.... The majority of the bypassed oil is believed to be in the matrix. This paper describes a foam flood that has been implemented at Yates to sweep the bypassed oil in the matrix rock. Foam flooding in the Yates reservoir involves injecting a surfactant, along with the produced gas into the reservoir...

.... Bulk foam tests were performed to evaluate the stability and injectivity of ultralow-IFT foam and foam drive. The LTG core floods were completed in outcrop sandstone cores and composite reservoir cores to test the designed injection scheme. The plugging efficiency of formulated polymer gel was studied...

... Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) foam mobility control in CO 2 storage and enhanced oil recovery can improve the storage potential and oil production by reducing CO 2 mobility and increasing reservoir sweep efficiency. A coreflooding study of CO 2 foam strength and stability during the co...

... Abstract Emulsion and foam are sometimes quite persistent in the oil field and can create numerous operational challenges in production facilities. Demulsifier and defoamers can play a role in demulsification and defoaming during field chemical treatments. There is demand for efficient...

... Abstract Foam-assisted CO 2 mobility control can enhance CO 2 utilization and storage efficiency during enhanced oil recovery and carbon sequestration processes. CO 2 is typically injected at larger gas fractions (fg) to reduce the surfactant costs, which, however, may result in significant...

... Abstract The goal of this paper is to share valuable insights gained from five field implementations of foam as gas-conformance and/or gas-containment solution. These trials encompass both CO 2 -foam and hydrocarbon-foam in various reservoir types, including conventional carbonate, conventional...

... Abstract Long-distance propagation of foam is one key to deep gas mobility control for enhanced oil recovery and CO 2 sequestration. It depends on two processes: convection of bubbles and foam generation at the displacement front. Prior studies with N 2 foam show the existence of a critical...

... in increased oil recovery and shorter pilot duration, though constrained by field operational limits. Adjusting foam quality during LTG injection affected gravity segregation, necessitating further lab experiments for correlation with gas mobility reduction. Foam shear thinning could enhance field foam...

... Abstract This paper presents the performance of a CO 2 foam injection pilot implemented in the East Vacuum Grayburg San Andres Unit (EVGSAU) by ConocoPhillips in cooperation with The Dow Chemical Company. The pilot project focuses on a single CO 2 injection pattern, consisting of one injector...

... Abstract In a surfactant-alternating-gas (SAG) injection, stable foams form viscous barriers and divert fluids, thereby providing conformance for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Once foam decays, injected gas resumes preferential flow through thief zones, demonstrating the need for higher foam...

... Abstract In this paper, we describe the design, implementation and results of a CO 2 foam pilot in a mature CO 2 flood in West Texas. The objective of the pilot was to demonstrate improved conformance/sweep efficiency of the CO 2 foam over CO 2 WAG injection. Laboratory experiments to guide...

... performance in fractured tight formations. Given this, a nanocellulose (NCF) reinforced CO 2 foam was rationally designed in the present work and the flow behaviors in tight formation fractures including generation, propagation and permeability reduction were investigated. The bulk properties of NCF-CO 2...

... Abstract This paper presents the field design, monitoring program, and initial results from a CO 2 foam pilot in East Seminole Field, Permian Basin, USA. Tertiary miscible CO 2 injection has suffered from poor areal sweep efficiency due to reservoir heterogeneity and an unfavorable mobility...

... Abstract Higher stability of the bulk and dynamic foam with polymer addition to the aqueous phase has been demonstrated experimentally. Recent experiments indicated that the efficacy of polymer enhanced foam (PEF) is dependent on polymer type and surfactant-polymer interaction. However...

... Abstract Although surfactant generated CO 2 foam improves the mobility control for CO 2 flooding, it suffers from instability in the presence of crude oil and in high salinity environments. The objective of this work is to improve the stability of the interface by lowering surfactant drainage...

... and establishes it as an economically attractive target for tertiary CO 2 recovery efforts. Abstract A CO 2 foam enhanced oil recovery (EOR) field pilot research program has been initiated to advance the technology of CO 2 foam for mobility control in a heterogeneous carbonate reservoir. Increased oil...

... Abstract This work presents the conceptual development and experimental evaluation for a new technique to create blocking foams in matrix rock systems by the injection of the foaming agent dispersed in the hydrocarbon gas stream. This new technique aims at simplifying the operation and reducing...

... concentration relative permeability reduction Modeling & Simulation Efficiency simulator surfactant Upstream Oil & Gas viscosity salinity saturation reservoir mobility foam chemical flooding methods microemulsion phase surfactant slug oil saturation injection permeability...

... in the cell by surfactant solution. The ability to recover oil from an oil-wet dolomite core was confirmed by an Amott imbibition cell experiment in which 50% recovery was observed for a core initially fully saturated with oil. The formulation's ability to generate strong foam in porous media was presented...