... Abstract Joint research between Sultan Qaboos University, Oman, and Petroleum Energy Center, Japan; sought to develop and establish a process whereby the large quantities of produced water from Omani oil fields can be effectively treated and utilized for irrigation. During pilot plant operation...

... employees, some of a company's needs must be outsourced. Additionally, outsourcing often allows certain activities or specialties to reach economies of scale by reducing overhead, combining overhead, or fully utilizing skilled resources. Outsourcing takes several forms, some of which are better suited...