... applications, an inter-industry study was conducted to examine the effects of temperature and time on the sediment toxicity (to Leptocheirus plumulosus ) of synthetic-based fluids used for high-temperature wells. Four factors were examined: (1) ester content, (2) time, (3) temperature, and (4) alkalinity...

... Abstract High biodegradability and relatively low toxicity have long made esters universally recognized as the best base fluids for synthetic-based muds in regards to environmental performance. A major limiting factor in the use of ester-based fluids, particularly in deep water...

... biodegrade in soil compost even without aeration. ester palm tree oil concentration diesel drilling fluid property toxicity biodegradation us government hydrocarbon drilling fluids and materials ester component drilling fluid chemistry compost drilling fluid formulation esclapés mineral...

... to substrates in emulsion, suspension, or adsorbed on solid. drilling fluid property biological treatment biodegradation ester bond concentration ester blend 1 lipase pretreatment hydrolysis soluble organic matter biodegradation upstream oil & gas drilling fluids and materials drilling...