Abstract
Noise is one of the most prevalent workplace exposures in a wide variety of industries, and noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common occupational illnesses globally. Despite legislative efforts such as the regulatory mandate enacted by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in 1983 to help prevent noise-induced hearing associated with workplace exposure, it remains a major problem with significant health implications. Although occupational noise is present in many industry sectors, it is estimated that 25% of the petroleum industry workforce may be exposed to levels beyond the OSHA permissible exposure level of 90 dB on an 8-hour time-weighted average.
Noise has been linked to adverse health effects involving different body systems, chiefly the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Several studies have also suggested a synergistic effect on hearing loss with combined exposures to a number of ototoxic agents including organic solvents. This paper reviews the current scientific knowledge and latest research developments on occupational hearing loss due to the interaction of noise and organic solvents, particularly as it relates to the petroleum industry. We will discuss the implications of these exposures on hearing conservation programs, present current best practices for hazard prevention and control measures, along with the latest guidance by international agencies in their efforts to mitigate the global burden of occupational noise. Since noise-induced hearing loss is not reversible, early detection and intervention is paramount in the prevention of this disorder.
