... through, limited natural fracture opening in mixed mode (tensile plus shear) and extension, or creation of offset parallel branches. The conditions leading to each of these are identified and discussed. Bonded closed natural fractures can activate if the magnitude of the tensile stress induced on its...

... for fracture containment. The significance of shear sliding at the interface was later confirmed by the experimental work of Anderson 4 . proppant containment mechanism shear stress hydraulic fracturing slippage fracture containment tensile stress fracturing fluid fracture tip fracture height...