... characterization proppant upstream oil & gas fracture toughness reservoir geomechanics fracturing fluid stress intensity factor fracture containment hydraulic fracturing fracture characterization fracturing materials calculation structural geology net pressure fracture height collinear crack...

... of the paper outline how the standards address well integrity and fracture containment, environmental aspects associated with well construction and fracturing operations, and communication guidance for communities and other key stakeholders. Energy Economics shale oil complex reservoir waste...

... of Fracture Containment Abstract Recently, fracture mapping has contributed a vast amount of data on hydraulic fracture geometry showing in general a fairly strong containment of fractures, but it is unclear what explains observed height containment. Re-analysis of published fracture mapping data...

.... Yet, field data does not support this point. This paper resolves the contradiction between theoretical and experimental data and field evidence. In the past, three mechanisms have been offered for fracture containment. These are stress contrast, modulus contrast, and fracture slippage. This paper...