... by the fluid in the fractures, influences mainly the flow rate through the perforation. For identical flow rates, the pressure differential becomes less with back pressure, however the erosion rate as a function of the cumulative energy pumped through the perforation, remains similar. Finally, the application...

... solids concentration and total flow rate Figure 1 Sketch of the wellbore section with multiple perforation clusters, with settled bed formation due to flow rate decrease (1), proppant missing perforations (2), upstream clusters receiving lower concentration of proppant (3), downward perforations...

... flow rate coefficient shape charge reynolds number completion installation and operations ehd diameter perforation equation Introduction Since its introduction, hydraulic fracturing has been and will remain as one of the primary engineering tools for improving well productivity...

... for distributed temperature sensing (DTS). The DAS interrogation system acquires strain response to acoustic variations along the measured depth of the wellbore for all periods of time. This study presents a method of interpretation of flow rate distribution from acoustic signals from DAS measurements. Raw...

... equation, considering fluid flow from the reservoir to multiple hydraulically-created fractures along a horizontal wellbore ( Eqs. 1 and 2 ). (1) Q = − k A ( Δ P ) μ L (2) A = 4 H f N f X f The total volumetric flow rate...

... the injecting flow rate and using high viscosity of injecting fluid, new fracture initiates and reorientates to a new direction which is perpendicular to the former fracture in refracturing. In the five-spot wells pattern, initial fracturing is performed on the middle well with same low backpressure applied...

... and flow rate conditions. Viscosity and elasticity measurements were also obtained using an advanced rotational rheometer. For comparison, linear gel and crosslinked guar fluid were also evaluated. While viscosity at 300 RPM (511s -1 ) and more recently high viscosity at lower shear rates, have been used...

... due to the changes in the proppant concentration as well as the changes in the size and shape of proppant particles. The uneven proppant distribution between perforation clusters was mostly observed in cases where the density of proppnat was relatively high and at low flow rates. However, at high flow...

... perforations per cluster. The stimulation is performed with injection of slickwater at a specified flow rate for 2.5 hours, which is varied in the sensitivities. The injection fluid has a specified concentration of proppant for each sensitivity which consists of equal amounts of 40 mesh, 55 mesh and 70...

... of the hydraulic fracture tip dominated the fluid flow in the vein. Upstream Oil & Gas strength hydraulic fracturing complex reservoir Simulation international journal fracture propagation fracture fracture tip time step approach angle vein matrix Olson flow rate vein permeability natural...

... The experiments were conducted at a flow rate of 5 gallons per minute (gpm) and the pressure drop (ΔP) was measured across a 6.5 feet of straight 316L stainless steel tubing. At 5 gpm flow rate, the Reynolds number is approximately 38,000 and the shear rate is approximately 2,300 sec -1 . In the field with casing...

... (2) ∂ ( ρ f α f u f ) ∂ t + ∇ ⋅ ( ρ f α f u f u f ) = − α f ∇ p + R p f + ∇ ⋅ ( α f τ ) where m ˙ perf and m ˙ upstream are proppant mass flow rates, q...

... the perforations relative to the total mass of particles injected. The effects of changing casing diameter, proppant size, proppant density, proppant concentration, fluid flow rate, fluid rheology, perforation size, and perforation orientation on E i are investigated. The results show that the perforation...

... Abstract A "semi-empirical" acoustics-based flow model is presented based on large scale flow loop testing using water, water thickened with a linear gel, and linear gel slurries containing various amounts of proppant. The flow model predicts volumetric flow rate through individual perforation...

... the radius of investigation. Similarly to it, this distance and the LFV increase with time without dependence on flow rate or pressure. The LFV can be calculated analytically for an infinite linear system. It can also be calculated in terms of cumulative production, pressure change and compressibility...

... applied the required temperature conditions. After the baseline measurement, the fracturing fluid system was pumped into the proppant pack to simulate leakoff and filter cake build up. Normally, 5 pore volumes, around 60 to 80 ml, of fracturing fluid were injected at 10 ml/min flow rate with a back...

... variation initiation proppant fracture geometry flow rate fracture plane hydraulic fracture geometry heterogeneity wellbore society of petroleum engineers Introduction Today, the typical completion of wells in source-rock shale reservoirs consists of long horizontal wells...

... launching device, balls ranging in size from .795" to 3.0" and composed of magnesium, aluminum, or ceramic material were introduced into flow streams of varying rates. The flow rates were designed to mimic both the flow rate through the ball launching device and the total flow rate after rejoining...

... fluid flow proppant flowback flow rate flow velocity surface modification agent proppant production fraction society of petroleum engineers fracture wall Introduction Abstract Proppant flowback under confining pressures is not well understood and difficult to reproduce in a laboratory...

... fracture length net pressure hydraulic fracture reservoir surveillance frequency flow rate production logging spe 168601 fourier transform proppant injection pressure experiment fracture geometry deformation flow power spectrum frequency domain pressure level perforation society...