... holes on both casings provide a better control of the treating pressures, especially after the first minutes of the treatment. The back pressure, which is created by the fluid in the fractures, influences mainly the flow rate through the perforation. For identical flow rates, the pressure differential...

... cause of uneven proppant distribution is proppant inertia. Possible slurry stratification is less important, except for the cases with relatively low flow rates and near toe clusters. Accordingly, proppant distribution is less sensitive to perforation phasing than to the number of perforations...

... experimental study petroleum engineer hydraulic fracturing flow rate coefficient shape charge reynolds number completion installation and operations ehd diameter perforation equation Introduction Since its introduction, hydraulic fracturing has been and will remain as one of the primary...

... for distributed temperature sensing (DTS). The DAS interrogation system acquires strain response to acoustic variations along the measured depth of the wellbore for all periods of time. This study presents a method of interpretation of flow rate distribution from acoustic signals from DAS measurements. Raw...

..., neither provide real time measurements during the treatment nor as much confidence as fiber optic (FO) data. Determination of slurry flow distribution from FO sensing relies on the signal from digital acoustic sensing (DAS), which is then fed into an advanced algorithm that provides the flow rate per...

... horizontal principal stress under initial confining stresses during the initial fracturing. By changing the confining stress, increasing the injecting flow rate and using high viscosity of injecting fluid, new fracture initiates and reorientates to a new direction which is perpendicular to the former...

.... The fluid was pumped through the slots primary inlet for one minute at a fixed flow rate. Fluids were tested at various flow conditions to simulate turbulent and laminar flow regimes for the fluids. A flow rate of 1.0 gal/min was used for laminar flow (Re = 1803) and 2.0 gal/min for turbulent flow (Re...

... in the multiple layers. A sensitivity study is done to investigate the complex 3-D couplings between geomechanical constraints and well completion design parameters such as landing zone, cluster spacing, perforation diameter, flow rate and proppant concentration. The simulation results demonstrate the importance...

... More specifically, the objective of hydraulic fracturing is to create conductive paths from the reservoir to the wellbore. These conductive paths are established by pumping a fracturing fluid at high flow rate to create fractures and introducing proppant with the fluid to keep the fracture open...

... of the hydraulic fracture tip dominated the fluid flow in the vein. Upstream Oil & Gas strength hydraulic fracturing complex reservoir Simulation international journal fracture propagation fracture fracture tip time step approach angle vein matrix Olson flow rate vein permeability natural...

... A schematic and a photo of the flow loop used in this work are shown Fig. 1 . A 7-gallon reservoir holding the testing fluid is pumped by a low-shear, high flow rate, progressive cavity pump. An overhead stirrer with a low-shear paddle mixes the fluid before and in real time as it is pumped...

... because the high wellbore flow rate near the heel-side clusters provides proppant particles a large enough inertia that prevents them from turning into the perforations. Proppant concentration in the wellbore is thus increased as the slurry flows towards the toe side and the fluid preferentially leaks off...

.... They also showed that increasing fluid viscosity improved proppant distribution at low pumping rates with lighter proppants. proppant concentration proppant size Completion Installation and Operations Upstream Oil & Gas flow rate proppant intake proppant density proppant transport...

... Abstract A "semi-empirical" acoustics-based flow model is presented based on large scale flow loop testing using water, water thickened with a linear gel, and linear gel slurries containing various amounts of proppant. The flow model predicts volumetric flow rate through individual perforation...

... the radius of investigation. Similarly to it, this distance and the LFV increase with time without dependence on flow rate or pressure. The LFV can be calculated analytically for an infinite linear system. It can also be calculated in terms of cumulative production, pressure change and compressibility...

... applied the required temperature conditions. After the baseline measurement, the fracturing fluid system was pumped into the proppant pack to simulate leakoff and filter cake build up. Normally, 5 pore volumes, around 60 to 80 ml, of fracturing fluid were injected at 10 ml/min flow rate with a back...

... variation initiation proppant fracture geometry flow rate fracture plane hydraulic fracture geometry heterogeneity wellbore society of petroleum engineers Introduction Today, the typical completion of wells in source-rock shale reservoirs consists of long horizontal wells...

... launching device, balls ranging in size from .795" to 3.0" and composed of magnesium, aluminum, or ceramic material were introduced into flow streams of varying rates. The flow rates were designed to mimic both the flow rate through the ball launching device and the total flow rate after rejoining...

... for a variety of conditions. Fracture width is found to be dependent on confining stress and fluid flow velocity while proppant production is also dependent on cohesion. Three regimes are observed, with complete fracture evacuation occurring at high flow rates and low confining stresses, fully packed fractures...

... tool, the problem of hydraulic fracturing is in essence one of predicting the shape of the fracture as a function of time, given the fluid pressure at the wellbore or the flow rate into the fracture. Even in its most basic form, hydraulic fracturing is not a trivial process to model, as it involves...