... used, other alternatives have been explored. Viscoelastic surfactants (VES) as part of fracturing fluids and proppant transport fluids compositions during a fracture treatment is a departure from the use of polymer viscosifiers. A VES fluid's viscosity is created by self-assembling surfactant small...

... costs. In stimulation operations such as hydraulic fracturing or acidizing, emulsions can form due to the presence of aromatic and naphthenic compounds in the crude oil along with surfactants present in the pumped fluid. Additional complications arise in the acidizing treatments since the acids used can...

... of three nonionic surfactants), and (ii) different shut-in times (3 and 14 days). The results show that regained permeability after the fracturing fluid leak-off in a high-permeability plug indicates a two-fold increase (from 1.4 to 0.7 md) compared to the freshwater case. The improved k o e f...

... Abstract Surfactants have been used for decades to enhance the production of hydrocarbons from oil-bearing subterranean formations. Production improvement is tied to optimization of the interaction of surfactant within a given oil/water/rock system. Ideal surfactants will alter the wettability...

... solutions. A diverse group of chemical species has been experimentally examined in this study, including a cationic surfactant (C12TAB), two anionic surfactants (O242 and O342), an ionic liquid (BMMIM BF4), a high pH solution (NaBO 2 ), two nanofluids (Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 ), and a series of house-made deep...

... Abstract Viscoelastic surfactants (VES) were introduced to apply in hydraulic fracturing fluids as a proppant carrier in order to replace polymers which possess high potential for formation damage. Yet, VES technology is limited by its low thermal stability and high leak-off behavior in high...

... equation wellbore emulsifier corrosion inhibitor acid surfactant reservoir agent asphaltene onset pressure equation intervención de pozos petroleros flow assurance formation damage production control well performance completion installation and operations flow in porous media enhanced...

..., Hegman gauge surface cleaning, porous surface cleaning. The results show how appropriate combinations of surfactants and solvents, specifically designed for each application, can help mitigating the complex issues posed by paraffin/asphaltene precipitation. The influence of various hydrophobes-in both...

... liquid through the formation were enhanced by PECNP-surfactant systems prepared in produced water medium. Taking advantage of produced water as energized fluids for fracturing requires enhanced compatibility of gas/liquid mixture. Two produced water recipes of 33,333 and 66,666ppm TDS were used...

... is used as the injection fluid. To address this problem, it is possible to flush out hydrocarbons around the wellbore by periodically injecting small amounts of surfactants for short periods. This technique leverages the capillary desaturation behavior of a multi-phase fluid mixture, wherein increasing...

... enough to cause liquid entrapment in the pore body reducing the relative permeability to the gas phase. A variety of methods such as gas cycling, super critical CO 2 injection, solvent injection, and wettability alteration using fluorinated surfactants/polymers have been suggested to treat liquid block...

... Abstract This paper describes the development of a highly automated apparatus and customized software package to rapidly evaluate the performance of surfactant additives in dry gas shale reservoirs. A major challenge throughout the industry is the ability to reduce water saturation resulting...

... Abstract Flowback aid surfactants are key components for optimal water recovery after a fracturing treatment. However, comprehensive guidelines and discovery workflows for selecting an optimal flowback aid are lacking. A suite of carefully designed high-throughput screening tests coupled...

... Abstract Viscoelastic Surfactant (VES) fluids have been used in many openhole gravel packing applications with the shunt tube technique as they offer several advantages over polymeric fluids. However, existing VES fluids have temperature limitations. The objective of this work was to develop...

... of the spontaneously imbibed fracturing fluid. The effect of the surfactant and core bedding plane on the fluid spontaneous imbibition volumes were also investigated. The researchers considered a spontaneous imbibition of a 0.1 wt% friction reducer fluid into low-permeability sand core samples extracted from Scioto...

... such as in-situ emulsions, water block, organic deposition and oily debris left downhole. Micro-emulsion fluids are thermodynamically stable, optically transparent solutions of two immiscible fluids formulated with a specialized surfactant blend and/or co-surfactant. They differ from normal emulsions because...

... such as solvent, surfactants or temperature. Only the change of the solvent (e.g., from xylene to diesel) can have a tremendous influence on the stability of a 28% hydrochloric acid emulsion. The study of acid emulsions was executed with different solvents, surfactants, acid strengths, and temperatures. Through...

... laboratory setting. Prior work (SPE 174186) demonstrated the value of using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to evaluate the interaction between shale formations and fracturing fluid components, such as clay control agents and surfactants. The subsequent work (SPE 179122) expanded the research to study more...

... fluid properties, flow rate, and reservoir pore-space geometry. This study includes two sections: A fluid mechanical study to determine which reservoir conditions require chemical treatments to mitigate water blocks; and a chemical evaluation study to determine how well chemicals, such as surfactants...

... remediation brine spacer 10 4 reservoir permeability contact angle surfactant society of petroleum engineers Introduction San Francisco is a mature field located in the Middle Magdalena Valley basin in Colombia. This field produces oil from the Cretaceous sandstones, known as Caballos, which...