... followed by propagation and (repeated) reflection of the closure-induced pressure pulse (‘water hammer’) whilst at the same time the fracture is gradually closing. The simulated post shut-in pressure decline trends which are the combined result of water hammer, fracture closure and reservoir fluid flow...

.... Crossflow The Foinaven injection wells experienced both flow between wells (subsea backflow) and crossflow between reservoir layers. In the Foinaven field, crossflow will be sensitive to the presence of sand stringers within reservoir zones. Water Hammer Abstract This paper provides...