... which is favorably orientated with respect to the principal tectonic stresses. Shear stress on the other parts of the fault is much less than the shear resistance. It is supposed that the pore pressure caused by water injection can propagate down the fault decreasing its shear resistance until shear...

... strain level (30 ft average spacing for a 30 ft thick bed). With a geomechanical model, we investigate the flindamental processes that control fracture propagation to explain spacing variability and suggest how to develop predictive models of fracture spatial arrangement. In addition to discussing...

... measurements are sensitive to dilatancy which appears later in the damage process of the studied limestone. P.187 propagation damage process catholique reservoir characterization engineering amplitude variation porosity anisotropy diagram upstream oil & gas quality factor ultrasonic...

... in multiply fractured rock. P. 211 interface wave reservoir characterization shear wave speed coefficient fracture stiffness upstream oil & gas fractured rock plane wave wave speed medium representation incidence propagation geophy wave propagation transmission myer amplitude...

... compressional wave anisotropy reservoir characterization propagation anisotropy parallel fracture incidence discontinuity theory displacement discontinuity theory transmission coefficient coefficient frequency interface wave three-fracture sample stiffness upstream oil & gas amplitude geophy...

... ABSTRACT Basic concepts of fracture mechanics are discussed to analyze their applicability in modeling fracture initiation and propagation during hydraulic fracturing and waterflooding. Recent advances in modeling fracture initiation and quasi-equilibrium growth are reviewed. Special attention...

... injection does not initiate new fractures or propagate existing fractures in the injection zone." The intention of this requirement is to provide an assurance that injected fluids are contained within the injection zone. The difficulty in practice has been demonstrating this assurance to the regulatory...

... rock geology geological subdiscipline tensor triaxial test wellbore design vosge sandstone propagation macroscopic rupture introduction geologist plastic INTRODUCTION The progressive failure near a borehole is directly related to the constitutive behaviour of rock materials. Two...

... borehole starter fracture interaction geologist geology mllt 2 coalescence netherlands government perforation upstream oil & gas propagation fracture geometry europe government cased-perforated completion fracture plane plane perpendicular cross-section perforated wellbore interaction...

... Abstract Measurement of seismic structure at scales below «20m (the resolution limit of surfacegenerated seismic waves) requires borehole seismic sources and receivers. For borehole seismic data analysis, typical seismic imaging using plane wave propagation in 1-D layering must be supplanted...

... Abstract A combined experimental and numerical approach is adopted to investigate crack propagation in sandstone. Experiments on two types of sandstones show a similar behaviour as found in tests on concrete specimens. The heterogeneity of the material in combination with the stress situation...

... Abstract This paper demonstrates how poroelastic effects, acting in combination with anisotropic permeabilities (i.e. a vertical permeability that is less than the horizontal permeability), will typically favour reorientation of a propagating fracture from vertical to horizontal. The paper...

... ABSTRACT A 2-D model of the mechanism of borehole instability due to crack propagation parallel to the free surface is considered. Pre-existing cracks start to grow under the action of the compressive stress concentrations at the borehole boundary. The interaction with the boundary eventually...

... fracturing. An inversion of the pressure response during propagation and closure of the fractures is presented leading to the estimation of the in-situ minimum stress and various rock properties. upstream oil & gas test 3 shale breakdown pressure the packers stress test minimum stress...

... enhanced recovery dynamic fracture injection fracture propagation permeability simulation step rate test mobility injection pressure history srt settari reservoir model saturation fracture length propagation falloff norway government geologist simulator conductivity europe government...

... work due to the applied forces, d W e = incremental elastic energy, d W d = incremental work inducing initiation and propagation of damage, the following relationships can be written: (7) d W = d W ~ d W e + d W d = d W...

... intensity at the leading edge of the fracture also depends on the entire pressure distribution along the fracture. Since propagation occurs when the stress intensity factor exceeds the fracture toughness K c 7 , we therefore have a continuous equilibrium during a wedge-shaped fracture propagation...

...)) is equal to E ≈ 2.5. References References Biot , M. 1956 . Theory of Propagation of Elastic Waves in a Fluid-Saturated Porous Solid. I. Low-Frequency Range , J. Appl. Phys . 28 : 168 – 178 Bratli , R.K. and Risnes , R. 1981 . Stability and Failure of Sand Arches . Soc...

... that the length of this zone has an effect on the blast results. Subsequently, a coupled non-linear displacement discontinuity model was applied in order to verify this effect. process zone fracture control mechanics fpz hydraulic fracturing surface energy eqn propagation blasthole crack length...

... determination injection polarization axis deflandre frequency fluid injection propagation permanent sensor upstream oil & gas application fracture mapping fracture sensor polarization analysis experiment hydraulic fracturing sonde spectrum dimension europe government log analysis...