... without any polymer. The surfactant molecules in the presence of brine (such as potassium chloride or ammonium chloride) associate into wormlike micelles. When the concentration of micelles reaches a critical concentration, the micelles overlap and start to entangle, which creates fluid viscosity...

... calcium brine. Concentrations of Scale inhibitors were tested over a range of temperature from 150F to 250F, and ratios between formation water and selected fluids from 25/75 to 75/25. Testing considered adding a scale inhibitor to the RDF as well as the other required systems. This upfront assessment...

... Upstream Oil & Gas Simulation drilling fluid selection and formulation drilling fluid formulation alteration drilling fluid chemistry drilling fluids and materials concentration drilling fluid property Fluid Dynamics particle mud component fraction mudcake experiment coefficient...

... strong organic acid field trial Pipeline Corrosion riser corrosion concentration Sandstone Granite Formation acidizing Upstream Oil & Gas reactivity ambient temperature dolomite core high temperature compatibility society of petroleum engineers penetration acid corrosion tendency...

.... The choice of surfactant concentration is a critical step in preparing more stable foams. In the present work, using CO 2 /alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS) solution as a new foaming solution is introduced for optimizing surfactant concentration in order to generate a stable CO 2 -foam in unconventional...

... and dolomite are fully studied. The reaction products of CO 2 and counter ions are taken into consideration at different acid spending stages. The experimental results show that the D e of the HCl acid is much lower at high pressure than low pressure at the same concentration due to the impact of CO 2...

... to prevent scaling accounts for the characteristics of the reservoirs. Effectiveness of the scale inhibitors concentration for specific well conditions is verified by laboratory tests, considering total dissolved salts and hydrochemical conditions of the formation. The amount of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3...

... will vary with the concentration and possibly the volume of the chemical injected. There is no catalyst requirement or post treatment overflush for clean-up. The treatment is simply shut-in once placed and left in a static environment. The minimum shut-in time can be a short as 6 hours, but development work...

... size drilling fluid property concentration formation damage drilling fluid selection and formulation Upstream Oil & Gas size distribution Permeability reduction injection permeability wellbore instability pore size distribution invasion pore particle size distribution filter cake...

... Abstract An existing limitation of chelant-based fluids available for sandstone acidizing with hydrofluoric acid (HF) is the presence of sodium in the concentrate of the aminopolycarboxylate fluid, which is common in all chelating agents soluble below pH 3.5. The presence of sodium complicates...

... precipitation were compared with produced water chemical data (observed barium and sulphate concentrations in the produced brine). In general, the modelled and observed data were found to be in good agreement, but any discrepancies were in fact found to be very informative also. The model assumes scale...

... 80°F, the gel time of nanosilica can be controlled to desirable values by adjusting concentrations of the gelation agents. The nanosilicas that are currently used in the oilfield, however, are not suitable for low-temperature applications (e.g., below 80°F) because of extremely long gel times...

.... Nevertheless, these systems still need high active concentrations to develop rheology at elevated temperature and in hard water conditions. Alternative systems based on synthetic polymers have shown increasing interest over the past years for Oil and Gas applications but their utilization as rheology...

... Abstract Over the years, sandstone acidizing has experienced low success rate. This makes it essential to develop a systematic method for selecting the optimum hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration, which can achieve the highest possible permeability enhancement. Field experience...

..., which is thought to be the largest single fracture treatment ever pumped in this particular national sector of the southern North Sea. A tip-screenout design was successfully used to achieve a high average proppant concentration of 23 kg per square metre (4.7 lb/ft 2 ), which equates to an average...

... concentration Introduction Injection of low quality water in natural reservoirs results in permeability impairment. Drastic decline of well injectivity is a widespread phenomenon which has been widely reported for fresh and hot water storage in aquifers, for industrial waste disposal, during well...

... area; especially for wells with formation waters containing a high concentration of barium ions. Different ion monitoring and analysis methods are traditionally used to calculate the percentage of seawater breakthrough, with varying levels of accuracy and reliability. This presents a significant...

... in the model. Incremental oil recovery depends on the number of the flooded layers. Austad residual oil saturation Upstream Oil & Gas relative permeability enhanced recovery concentration plug waterflooding particle recovery factor saturation pervomaiskoye field HSW LSW incremental oil...

... on gel and breaker reaction dynamics from experimental data. Increased gel concentration in slurry injection, increased breaker concentration during fracture clean-up, and the flowback procedure are simulated to quantify the gel damage phenomenon. Features such as non-Darcy flow through fractures...

... contribution of this work is to evaluate the propagation of adsorption front, and fine particles and nanoparticle concentration profile along the sand pack. We use method of characteristics and present a graphical solution to determine optimal concentration of nanoparticles required to reduce maximum sand...