... and best practices that other companies can find beneficial in their efforts to maintain crude quality and reduce operating expenditures. saudi arabia government water droplet voltage decay separation and treating frequency effective dehydration desalting technology modulated ac dc desalting...

... The specific gravity of crude oil is inversely related to the crude oil degree API gravity. Abstract Mature crude oil fields are often prone to high water cuts and high content of fines. The large population of small water droplets and fines forms very stable crude oil emulsions...

... area of a water droplet per unit of volume is given by Eq. 7 (ANSYS, 2013). The velocity fields and pressure gradients in the flow line were obtained by solving the phasic momentum equation represented by Eq. 3 (ANSYS, 2013). (2) ∑ α = 1 N P r α = 1...

... contact angles to quantify wettability. We find that the contact angle variations of water droplets have a strong dependency on kerogen maturity. As the density of the surface functionalized groups increases, the wettability in kerogen could possibly be altered from hydrocarbon-wetting, to neutral...

... dosage, according to these experimental results. And a laminar flow pressure model of quasi-single phase hydrate slurry has been established in this paper. flow assurance flow rate hydrate slurry experiment hydrate slurry flow water droplet hydrate particle international conference chord...

... flow rate operation mixer pressure drop separation and treating water droplet crude crude oil mixer system valve mixer unit installation wash water rate processing facility Upstream Oil & Gas desalter prosalt mixer system ProPure wash water Introduction Produced crude oil...

... the current batch-type systems including higher throughput and decreased footprint. drilling fluid chemistry drilling fluid formulation water droplet emulsion oil-continuous phase drilling fluid property oil phase concentration critical dose drilling fluids and materials Froude number...

... to coalesce water droplets and separate water from the oil emulsion are determined. Both fresh emulsions from the trunk lines to the plant and aged emulsion from a holding tank at the terminal were tested. It was concluded that electrostatic treatment is effective for treating the fresh emulsions at 50 °C...

... that under intermittent wetting. experimental study concentration water concentration pipe circumference test section superficial oil velocity riser corrosion flow pattern oil phase water velocity subsurface corrosion pipeline corrosion water droplet water cut materials and corrosion...

... upstream oil & gas production monitoring superficial water velocity production control water droplet input water cut water holdup flow pattern inclination angle production logging velocity slippage inclination holdup semi-seg id pipe fluid dynamics vso 0 experiment multiphase flow...

... water droplet droplet pipe two-layer stratified flow flow pattern multilateral well production logging oil rate transition drilling operation flow spe 77501mechanistic multiphase flow ouyang spe 77501 figure directional drilling spe 77501 holdup fluid dynamics model simplified model...

... Abstract The purpose of the study is to develop a compact electrocoalescer. To improve oil/water separation, definition of optimized conditions for coalescence of water droplets under an electrical field in combination with optimal hydrodynamic performances was performed. Numerical simulations...

... emulsions are stabilized by rigid interfacial films that form a "skin" on water droplets and prevent the droplets from coalescing. The stability of these interfacial films, and hence the stability of the emulsions, depends on a number of factors including the heavy polar material in the crude oil...

... across the fracture and into the outlet plug as if there was no fracture. MRI images showed that water droplets formed on the outlet face of the inlet plug, formed bridges across the fracture and provided a path for water movement into the outlet plug while the oil phase was still being produced from...

... concept dry hydrate particle hydrate injection water droplet droplet free water water content implementation hydrate particle conversion pipeline waterflooding enhanced recovery experiment reactor flow assurance upstream oil & gas hydrate reactor particle morphology petroleum...

... design, it is assumed that the droplets and bubbles acts as spherical particles, and that they will settle in a stagnant continuous phase because of gravity forces. For a three-phase separator, the free settling velocity for 6 different cases must be considered. These are: Water droplet settling...

... faucher emulsion water droplet separator water cut efficiency dehydration demulsifier chemical disc stack centrifuge demulsifier injection heavy crude oil II SPE 49119 Society of Petroleum Engineers DEHYDRATION OF HEAVY CRUDE OIL USING DISC STACK CENTRIFUGES Nimish Dhuldhoya, Texaco E & P Inc...

.... Electrostatic Treaters Basics. Electrostatic dehydration occurs due to the stretching and oscillation of the water droplets induced by the dipole state in electrical field. The stretching of the water droplets tends to distort the film between the water droplets, causing it to rupture, thereby enhancing...

... qualities. water cut separation and treating viscosity emulsion spe 20703 oil quality overflow rate water droplet equation upstream oil & gas droplet fluid water cut retention time separator performance society of petroleum engineers phase inversion interface demulsifier terminal...

... by the shear history and by the compositions of the base oils, organophilic clays, emulsifiers, and aqueous phase. organoclay base oil drilling fluid property drilling fluid formulation aromatic oil concentration upstream oil & gas particle diesel dispersion water droplet emulsifier...