... 17.66 19.14 50 30–35 25 SW Brines Three brine samples were prepared, one to represent seawater (the Persian Gulf in this case), and two diluted seawater samples (10 times and 50 times diluted seawater). Seawater brine composition is shown in Table 4 . Abstract Preformed Particle...

... petroleum science fluid dynamics complex reservoir drilling fluid management & disposal concentration polymer injection seawater engineering effect brine recipe Introduction Abstract Application of polymer flooding in carbonate reservoirs still faces significant challenges, including...

... inside the casing inner diameter (ID) which ultimately rests on top of the float shoe to account for contamination of the cement as it mixes with the fluid that is initially present inside the casing string as well as the fluid used to displace the cement at the end of the job (typically seawater...

... reservoir concentration carboxylic acid seawater wettability alteration reaction exchange reaction surface potential injection Introduction Carbonate reservoirs contain over 50% of the world's oil reserves (Akbar et al. 2000). However, the recovery factor after waterflooding is low (around...

... Chemical composition evolution during seawater injection process were investigated by displacing the formation water with seawater using several different sandstone cores. Formation water and seawater compositions are listed in Table 1. Sodium chloride (Fisher bioreagents, ≥99.5%), sodium...

... Abstract We provide experimental evidence of wettability alteration using seawater salinity brine of an oil-wet system composed of a three-dimensional carbonate micromodel, crude oil, and connate-water brine salinity. We designed this procedure as a first step for evaluation of using seawater...

... Upstream Oil & Gas raman measurement hplc water enhanced recovery concentration tracer tracer test analysis reservoir injection harsh condition chemical tracer post-injected adot sample adot sample Symposium characterization nanoparticle tracer seawater adot carbogenic...

... Workforce Upstream Oil & Gas big crew change seawater Baby Boomer crew change personal interview Succession Planning nanomaterial breaker hoffman society of petroleum engineers employment personnel competence viscosity leadership Millennial oil and gas womack Introduction...

... such as produced water and seawater. Technically it is not too difficult to make fracturing fluids for medium-to-low temperature applications using salt water like produced water or seawater. However at high temperatures of, for example, 300°F or more, it is much more challenging to formulate stable fluids...

... in deionized water (DIW) from a filtered system with electrical conductivity below 1 μS/cm. These brines comprised synthetic formation brines (denoted FMB); typical of hydrocarbon reservoirs and with a total ionic strength of 3.5M (e.g., Romanuka et al. , 2012 ), seawater (denoted SW; e.g. Strand et al...

... calcite-equilibrated brines were experimented. Limestone responded more readily than did dolomite which was more stable carrying a positive rock/brine interface charge at comparable conditions. The rock/brine surface charge became increasingly negative for seawater and lower salinity brines than...

... be impractical due to the difficulty of sourcing brines other than seawater. This means alternatives to the salinity gradient are required in some situations. The central result in this paper is an SP flood design which recovers 90% of waterflood residual oil in a core, and achieves the proper phase transition...

... and Austad (2006) were able to increase oil recovery by increasing the concentration of the divalent ions of the injected seawater in chalk cores. Yousef et al. (2010) showed that reducing the total salinity yields greater oil recovery in reservoir limestone cores. The core composite was flooded initially...

... Abstract A membrane deaeration pilot study undertaken on seawater from an onshore seawater intake, successfully demonstrated removal of dissolved oxygen to less than 10 parts per billion without the use of chemical oxygen scavenger. To assess the commercial viability of adapting membrane...

... brines into chalk and limestone cores of differing compositions. For SK chalk without anhydrite, reducing the Na + and Cl – concentration of seawater, while keeping SO 4 2− (sulfate) leads to improved oil recovery (IOR) by as much as 6% OOIP. The presence of anhydrite, which provides a natural source...

... waterflooding in carbonate reservoirs under different scenarios. Upstream Oil & Gas experiment saturation interface permeability waterflooding composition Artificial Intelligence alet al imbibition wettability alteration equation seawater capillary pressure Oil Recovery enhanced...

.... The effective deployment of production enhancement with stimulation vessels has a major part to play in extending field life. fracturing materials upstream oil & gas fracturing fluid hydraulic fracturing compliance stimulation vessel seawater fresh water acid requirement new generation...

... showed that modified seawater containing Mg 2+ and SO 4 2- and diluted seawater change aged oil-wet calcite plates to more water-wet conditions. Seawater with Ca 2+ , but without Mg 2+ or SO 4 2- was unsuccessful in changing calcite wettability. Modified seawater containing Mg 2+ and SO 4 2...

... conventional seawater. Considering these field trials are the first-ever applications in carbonate reservoirs, they further provided another confirmation that SmartWater Flood has significant potential to be a new recovery method targeting carbonate reservoirs. A special type of single-well chemical tracer...

... Abstract Fracpacks have become the completion of choice for deepwater wells due to concerns over loss of productivity associated with fines and sand production, limited rig availability and high intervention / sidetracking costs. Many deepwater reservoirs also require seawater injection...