... such as characterization of pore structure and wettability. For instance, Wenzel's contact angle formula for rough surfaces requires knowledge of the surface roughness, and surface roughness is expected to speed up aging of cores in crude oil for wettability restoration. In addition, proper quantification of surface...

... NMR is an important logging tool for measuring the petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks ( Coates et al., 1999 ; Kwak et al., 2016 ; Gao et al., 2021 ). One of its important applications is to evaluate the pore size distribution by assuming the porous space has simple pore geometry, e.g...

...Introduction Abstract This paper studies the effect of trapped, emulsified oil on the requirement for the geometrical Roof snap-off for foam generation in a porous medium. We extend an existing hydrodynamic pore-level model to describe the liquid accumulation in an appropriately-sized pore...

... the oil relative permeability curve in presence of water and gas. Then starting with the fundamentals of laminar flow in capillaries and with successive analogical formulations, it develops expressions that directly yield the relative permeabilities for all three phases. In this it assumes a pore size...

... on a computational platform for thorough investigations. The structures were analyzed for porosity, pore size distribution, and mechanical properties such as bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, and Poisson ratio. The adsorption alongside self-diffusion calculations were performed on the configurations...

... Abstract We investigated pore-scale oil displacement and rock wettability in tertiary low salinity waterflooding (LSW) in a heterogeneous carbonate sample using high-resolution three-dimensional imaging. This enabled the underlying mechanisms of the low salinity effect (LSE) to be observed...

... o b s = V T 2 bulk + δ S T 2 surface V ≅ 1 T 2 bulk + δ T 2 surface ⋅ S V The reported equation introduces to the Surface Relaxivity term and Surface to Volume ratio of the pore (S/V). The δ / T2 surface ratio defines...

... of dissolved-gas diffusion on the pore scale and to develop consistent predictive models on the mesoscale. Etminan et al. (2014 ) performed detailed experiments on a couple of samples taken from a shale-core plug using a pressure decay cells. The onset and contribution of free, adsorbed, and dissolved gas...

.... In developing a methodology for quantifying the surface roughness ( R ), more than 20 rock samples were selected to determine optimal resolutions for overall R quantification. Five symmetrical measurement areas were used per sample, as well as a range of magnifications to achieve resolutions from pore level...

... pore sizes (at the nano-scale) of the tight rock matrices ( Alharthy et al. 2013a ; Barsotti et al. 2016 ; Wang et al. 2016 ; Luo et al. 2018 ). Recently, Al-Kindi and Babadagli ( 2017 , 2018 , 2019a , 2019b ) showed through experiments on the visual and rock models the effect of capillarity...

... Abstract The objective of this work is to conduct pore-scale analysis of the pore systems in an Eagle Ford (EF) outcrop sample and a Lower Eagle Ford (LEF) sample from a producing interval in the subsurface. After characterization, we estimate bulk transport properties (such as tortuosity...

... field applications along with laboratory experiments have revealed the significant potential of the surfactant-assisted spontaneous imbibition (SASI) as an encouraging EOR method in unconventional liquid reservoirs (ULR). This study focuses on unveiling the target pore size range for SASI EOR through...

... rapidly decreased with cycle numbers and CO 2 huff-n-puff primarily recovered the oil in the large matrix pores. After three cycles, an incremential 32.2% of the original oil-in-place (OOIP) was produced. Based on the dynamics of oil mobilization, the main-determining-forces (MDFs) in this process were...

... procedures: Firstly, rocks are full-closure cored from unconsolidated formation and frozen; multi-scale (meter/millimeter/micron) CT scanning for core samples with original formation fluids, and the core heterogeneity has been analyzed. Then, skeleton and pore space of samples are segmented...

... maturity. Throughout this process, a significant amount of pores within organic matter, called organic pore, are also generated, as the organic matter itself becomes a porous solid. These organic pores contribute significantly to the overall gas storage and flow of the reservoir as a whole. These organic...

... to upscale the pore-scale fluid thermodynamic properties to the reservoir-scale and then incorporate it into our in-house compositional simulator to examine the effect of confinement on shale reservoir production. Firstly, a pore-scale fluid phase behavior model is developed in terms of the pore type...

...Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms As nitrogen is an inert gas which can be adsorbed and condensed in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic pores, the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm gives the total pore volume distribution ( Sujka et al.,2016 ; Zolfaghari et al., 2017a , 2017b...

... is developed, which accounts for water imbibition, osmosis and clay swelling effects on the formation permeability under stress. The simulation model considers the formation has a multi-scale pores consisting of microcracks, clay pores and organic pores. Water imbibition occurs in the water-wet inorganic part...

... The bundle of capillary tubes approach has also been employed to model relative permeability in unconventional reservoir rocks. For example, Zhang et al. (2018 ) assumed that the size distribution of nano-scale inorganic pores in shales conforms to a power-law probability density function...

... and water flooding after the gel treatment. NMR can detect the signal change of trapped and free water inside the gel in different pore sizes in porous medium. In the micro-model-scale experiments, a microscopic glass-etched model is subject to red oil and blue water flooding alternately after the gel...