... and wireline armors and compared to a b ench m ark s tandard industry "modified" a cid (BMSA) at a temperature up to 190°F. Testing duration varied from 2 to 24 hours and optimum load was determined for two HCl concentrations: 5 and 7.5 wt%. Mechanical integrity of the cables was assessed through ductility...

... Abstract Carbonate reservoirs consist mainly of calcite or dolomite or a mixture of both minerals. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is frequently injected to stimulate the productivity of such formations. At temperatures above 200°F the reaction rate between HCl and carbonate becomes so fast...

... Abstract To improve efficiency of standard HCl stimulation treatments, many alternative acid systems have been developed to mitigate corrosion, increase wormhole efficiency, and divert fluids for better acid coverage. However, these alternative systems come at a price compared to HCl which...

..., emulsion tendency testing, and corrosion inhibition tests to evaluate and benchmark the performance of these blends in comparison to the existing acid recipes such as plain HCl and polymer-based diverted acid. These tests showed that a combination of SPRA and VEDA would allow maximizing lateral coverage...

... of calcite contact angle experiments was not only with different concentrations of formate and acetate, but also with HCl added to reach the same pH level as glycine. A similar procedure was followed with Eagle Ford shale plates; however, only 5 cases (5 wt% glycine, 5 wt% acetate, 5 wt% acetate + HCl, 5...

... consisting of diesel, 28% HCl and gel. The clean out was performed in stages of 10m, to clean the fill from 1091m to 1170m. Since the well bore was initially isolated from the injection zone, the cleanout was conducted with non-nitrified fluids. As the cleanout progressed and access to the liner and open...

... permeability, porosity, temperature, pressure, and mineralogy, and the acid system that will be used. HCl has been the most commonly used acid in carbonate acidizing. However, the efficiency of wormhole creation using strong HCl solutions is sometimes low because the injection rate needed for optimal wormhole...

... of the different fruits, N-80 coupons were exposed to 15 wt.% HCl solutions at temperatures between 77-250 °F with 0.2-2 wt.% of dried ground fruit for 6 hours. In addition, a control solution containing no corrosion inhibitor was used to establish a corrosion rate for a base case. Upon identifying high performing...

... Lund et al. (1973b) studied the dissolution of calcite in HCl. Their RDA study, which was done between rotational speeds of 100 and 500 rpm, proved that the reaction between calcite and HCl is mass transfer limited at 25°C. This reaction is shown in Eq. 2 . Boomer et al. (1972) showed...

... productivity focusing on the lab studies, operational considerations and production performances of Well A. materials and corrosion riser corrosion hcl corrosion inhibition oilfield chemistry upstream oil & gas corrosion inhibitor pipeline corrosion acidizing corrosion management ppm...

... + +6AlF 2 + +4H 4 SiO 4 Abstract Illitic-sandstone reservoirs are very sensitive to HCl-based fluids. When HCl contacts illitic-sandstone it breaks down and causes fines migration and formation damage. The migration of fines through the porous media will block the pores, reduce...

... is the reservoir drainage radius (ft) and S is the skin damage, dimensionless. Wang et al. (1993) and Fredd and Fogler (1998a) identified an optimum injection rate during carbonate acidizing by hydrochloric acid (HCl). This injection rate is the rate at which the minimum amount (minimum pore volume...

... Abstract Hydrochloric acid is the most commonly used acid for carbonate acidizing due to its low cost and high dissolving power. However, there are two major drawbacks associated with using concentrated HCl solutions in deep wells. The first is its high reaction rate with carbonate rocks, which...

... acidizing HCl stimulation acid apparent viscosity surfactant-based acid permeability viscosity viscoelastic surfactant diversion surfactant concentration concentration Case History surfactant displace emulsified acid acid treatment coiled tubing shear rate reservoir flow in porous media...

..., refractive index, and solubility, to name only a few. 6 – 7 P α is the increase in sludge out of the original stock tank asphaltene weight percent due to HCl concentration effects. Based on results of Figure 1 , when HF % = 0, this term is given by: (2) P α = 0.2 C    0 ≤ C...

... experiments were conducted on sandstone cores recovered from gas reservoirs to assess the effectiveness of various acid formulations (HCl, HCOOH, HCl/HF, and HCOOH/HF, with and without alcohols) in enhancing gas relative permeability. Several solvents and chemical additives were evaluated to remove or reduce...

... examined before. Therefore the objective of the present work is to examine in detail the effect of a viscoelastic surfactant (amphoteric) on the reaction of HCl acid with calcite. The reaction between calcite and surfactant-based acids was thoroughly investigated using the rotating disk apparatus...

... permeability hydraulic fracturing production monitoring penetration society of petroleum engineers production enhancement downhole intervention reservoir characterization petroleum engineer plant root well intervention reservoir surveillance acid hcl society carbonate reservoir completion...

... are the relatively high H2S content (2-3%) and reservoir temperature (280°F), the asphaltenic nature of the crude and the long completion tubings that limit the pump rate. The initial stimulation strategy consisted of small HCl matrix treatments pumped with coiled tubing at low rates with modest results...

... acid system placement technique upstream oil & gas injection water enhanced recovery hcl injection well chemistry reservoir acid wellbore acid system Introduction Waterflood systems in the oil producing sandstone reservoirs of the Los Angeles Basin and San Joaquin Valley...