... 0.490 to 0.510 psig/ft for the formation water ranges from 1.15 to 1.18 specific gravity, depends on formation water salinity. Oil with an SG of 0.82 to 0.89 has a fluid pressure gradient of 0.355 to 0.385 psig/ft (depending on the API oil). The formation water salinity, and specific gravity from...

... In the case of reservoirs with elevated temperature and high salinities, the development of a surfactant formulation providing ultralow interfacial tension is quite challenging as one must match the following three points: The surfactants must be thermal stable at reservoir condition...

... % renewable water desalination. CST can be used to power an innovative water desalination technology using osmosis. Forward Osmosis (FO) and Direct Osmosis (DO) can desalinate highly saline and polluted water such as produced water mainly with solar thermal energy. Furthermore, DO potentially allows...

... for improved modeling and simulation of polymer flooding and low salinity water flooding (LSWF). The MRST’s polymer model was extended for multi-phase chemical transport by the addition of chemical species in wells boundary conditions, and phase relative permeabilities were modified to account...

... to design molecular composition of surface-active agent for novel chemical production. equation of state reservoir simulation rock/fluid interaction upstream oil & gas fluid compatibility modeling & simulation surface-active agent oilfield chemistry salinity emulsion emulsion...

... and then validated against experimental data reported in the literature. In addition, we analyzed the effect of various parameters on surface adsorption under harsh conditions of high-temperature and high-salinity using the proposed surface complexation model (SCM). The results showed that the developed surfactant...

... synergies with local communities. sustainability withdrawal upstream oil & gas water withdrawal social responsibility water balance assessment reuse application salinity identification tunisia water stream wastewater methodological approach produced water management and control...

..., salinity, polymer concentration, temperature and pressure were used in conjunction with foam quality and shear rate. To predict foam strength while taking the aforementioned parameters into account, a deep neural network (DNN) with optimized hyperparameters was developed. The experimental data...

... Sulfonates (IKS), a new bio-based surfactant family. enhanced recovery concentration abs reaction surfactant formulation variation salinity upstream oil & gas surfactant family solubility optimal salinity sulfonate chemical flooding methods brine enhanced oil recovery surfactant...

... using commercially available surfactants, we found that we may have long ignored the challenges of achieving aqueous stability and optimal microemulsion phase behavior for surfactant formulations in low salinity environments. A surfactant formula with a low IFT does not always result in a good...

... Abstract The HD Oilfield, operated by PetroChina, is located in Tarim Basin. It is characterized by high temperature (112 ℃) and high salinity (291000 mg/L), and developed by wide spacing of wells (average 700 m). High vertical and areal heterogeneity lead to early water breakthrough and a poor...

... temperature and high salinity (HTHS). The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the performance of two potential polymers, an ATBS-based polymer and a biopolymer (Scleroglucan), in carbonates under harsh reservoir conditions. This comparative study includes an analysis of polymer rheological...

... as quickly as 5 minutes for in-situ analysis and assessment. Final results are available in 8 hours for detailed inspection. Calibration accounts for the water environment the images are taken, primarily to account for salinity in the water. Measurements can be automatically extracted, and comparisons...

... to calculate the mobility reduction factor at 150°F. Nitrogen foam was injected into the core at 80% foam quality in the tertiary recovery mode and the pressure drop across the core was measured. The formation brine had a salinity of 5 wt% NaCl and the foaming solutions were prepared with 2 wt% NaCl...

.... water salinity water resistivity formation pressure pressure comparison upstream oil & gas pressure condition salinity pressure gradient quick look fluid pi value evaluation water density pressure index pi overpressure information normalize formation pressure reservoir...

... New polymers containing Acrylamido-Tert-Butyl-Sulfonate (ATBS) and N-Vinyl Pyrrolidone (NVP) were proposed several years ago ( Gaillard et al. (2015) ) and tested successfully under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions in a carbonate core ( Masalmeh et al. (2019) , Alfazazi et al. (2018...

... that can be observed in bulk when mixing surfactants with standard partially hydrolyzed poly-acrylamide (HPAM) polymers, and enhance the mobility ratio when injected in confined and under flow conditions. Varying the brine salinity and the polymer chemistry (either HPAM or associative polymer...

... reservoir ( Robbins and Jerauld, 2017 and Korrani et al., 2019 ) show low-salinity water flooding is a feasible EOR option for the field (3%±1 and 6%±1 drop in residual oil saturation in rock-type 1 and rock-type 2 due to low salinity water injection, respectively). Polymer is included in the EOR...

..., but few of them fit our harsh operational and reservoir conditions. Therefore, surfactant formulations were tuned with guide of micelle electrostatic model and Winsor type phase behavior. The novel formulations are compatible with high temperature (94 ℃) and wide salinity (50 - 290 g/L). Moreover, one...

... Scenario KOC divalent ion concentration water injection society of petroleum engineers salinity surfactant reservoir ASP injection carbonate formulation Oil Recovery Upstream Oil & Gas enhanced recovery concentration chemical flooding methods divalent ion production Introduction...