Maritime decarbonization is a particularly complex challenge with multiple pathways at various technological and operational readiness levels. This work conducted a holistic analysis of green shipping corridors by the well-to-wake lifecycle emission analysis and lifecycle cost evaluation. The index of GHG Abatement Cost (GAC) was proposed to quantitatively investigate the cost-effective fuel pathways toward the long-term IMO decarbonization goal from the perspective of WtW process. Green bio-Methanol, Green Ammonia, and Wind based Green Liquid Hydrogen were verified to be the most rewarding pathways to save GHG emissions. The Rotterdam-Singapore GSC case study was conducted to evaluate the GWP-related gas emission inventory for shipping voyages and the annual cost performance of the different green pathways. The green bio-methanol pathway has been finalized to be the optimum one under current technology and infrastructure readiness level.

Keywords:
air emission, sustainability, marine transportation, united states government, downstream oil & gas, social responsibility, sustainable development, upstream oil & gas, freight & logistics services, holistic sustainability
Subjects:
Environment, Sustainability/Social Responsibility, Air emissions, Climate change, Sustainable development
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