...Liwu Jiang; Jinju Liu; Tongjing Liu; Daoyong Yang Summary In this work, theoretical models have been formulated, validated, and applied to characterize the dynamic wormhole growth and propagation dynamics during cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS) processes by integrating rate transient...

... near the wellbore after hydrate dissociation is simulated, and the sand failure characteristics [i.e., the produced sand volume and particle size distributions (PSDs)] are quantified. The sand failure pattern is found to largely differ from that of a sandstone reservoir, whereas fractures, wormholes...

..., the magnetic field gradient can be applied in different directions, and therefore anisotropy in diffusion coefficient and τ d can be evaluated. Three 3D printed samples, characterized by well controlled variable fracture tortuosity, one fractured sandstone, and three acidized carbonate samples with wormhole...

... of the coreflooding experiments were analyzed for cations and anions concentration using inductively coupled (IC) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) measurements. Computed tomography scans were conducted to show the wormholes generated in the samples. Rock mineralogical analysis using X-ray diffraction, thin...

...‐assisted schemes are proposed as follow‐up strategies to increase the recovery factor in post‐CHOPS operations. The development of complex, heterogeneous, high‐permeability channels or wormholes during CHOPS renders the analysis and scalability of these processes challenging. One of the key issues is how...

... of diversion caused by the polymer‐acid system. The effect of permeability contrast on the process of diversion was investigated by conducting dual‐coreflood experiments on Indiana limestone cores that had permeability contrasts of 1.5 to 20. Computed tomography (CT) scans were conducted to study wormhole...

... the fracturing pressure to enhance the fracture conductivity. The objective of this study is to develop a robust model that can capture the dissolution process and wormhole‐propagation phenomena that occur during CFA. This work develops a CFA model using computational‐fluid‐dynamics (CFD) techniques coupled...

...Robert C. Burton; Manabu Nozaki; Nola R. Zwarich; Kenji Furui Summary A comprehensive study on wormholing has been conducted to improve the understanding of matrix acidizing in carbonate reservoirs. This work is a continuation of the previous work by Furui et al. (2012a, 2012b). An analysis...

...Rahul Kumar; Jia He; Mohammed Bataweel; Hisham Nasr-El-Din Summary The optimal injection rate for wormhole propagation and face dissolution at low injection rates during carbonate matrix acidizing is well-established. However, little research is documented on the subject of how the presence of oil...

... models developed with the Darcy approach. The results from this model show that the optimal injection rate obtained in laboratory coreflood experiments cannot be directly translated for field applications because of the effect of flow geometry and medium dimensions on the wormholing process...

... dimensions. Then, we extended our simulation to dual-core systems with different permeability contrasts. The results show that there exists an intermediate injection rate that develops a wormhole in low-permeability core. This intermediate injection rate increases with increasing the permeability contrast...

... injected to measure the gel blocking capacity. The water phase was labeled with a positron emitting radiopharmaceutical (F-18) to visualize and quantify local flows with PET during gel rupture and subsequent flooding. By use of PET, we study gel rupture and the development of wormholes during gel erosion...

... production. Therefore, core-flow tests are usually conducted to test and model stimulation treatments within a laboratory scale to predict their performance. The visualization of wormholes that were created within core-flow tests requires novel technologies for evaluation and pathway-prediction purposes...

... as wormholes. A further injection of the acid will follow a wormhole path where the permeability has increased significantly, leaving substantial intervals untreated. This problem can be more significant as the contrast in permeability increases within the target zones. Diverting materials...

... bt ranging from 2.5 to 3.5. Also, the wormhole dissolution pattern was found to be significantly different in vuggy rocks than that in homogeneous ones. Thin-section observations, tracer results, and the coreflood experiments indicate that the vugs are distributed in a manner that creates...

... with conventional primary production, which is explained by the formation of high-permeability channels known as wormholes. The formation of wormholes has been shown to exist in laboratory experiments as well as field experiments conducted with fluorescein dyes. The major mechanisms for CHOPS production are foamy...

...K.. Furui; R.C.. C. Burton; D.W.. W. Burkhead; N.A.. A. Abdelmalek; A.D.. D. Hill; D.. Zhu; M.. Nozaki Summary Matrix-acidizing models have traditionally underpredicted acid-stimulation benefits because of underprediction of wormhole penetration and the corresponding magnitude of completion-skin...

...M.A.. A. Mahmoud; H.A.. A. Nasr-El-Din; C.A.. A. De Wolf; J.N.. N. LePage Summary Different chelating agents were used as alternatives for hydrochloric acid (HCl) in matrix acidizing to create wormholes in carbonate formations. Previous studies demonstrated the use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic...

...M.A.. A. Mahmoud; H.A.. A. Nasr-El-Din; C.A.. A. De Wolf; J.N.. N. LePage; J.H.. H. Bemelaar Summary Matrix acidizing is used in carbonate formations to create wormholes that connect the formation to the wellbore. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), organic acids, or mixtures of these acids are typically used...

... is injected, selective dissolution of the rock takes place, creating highly permeable flow channels, called wormholes. In general, for a matrix acidizing treatment in carbonates, the deeper the wormholes penetrate into the formation, the better the outcome, as characterized by a lower skin factor. Thus...