... Copyright 2019, Society of Petroleum Engineers produced water discharge salt concentration Upstream Oil & Gas concentration removal efficiency microorganism biomass petroleum hydrocarbon water management production chemical Efficiency biological treatment wastewater treatment hybrid...

...Ashkan Zolfaghari; Hassan Dehghanpour; Ebrahim Ghanbari; Doug Bearinger Summary As observed in many shale-gas operations, salt concentration of flowback water increases with time. Usually, the shape of salt-concentration/load-recovery plots is different from one well to another. We hypothesize...

... intriguing properties that can significantly affect EOR technologies. 11 3 2013 26 2 2014 15 5 2014 17 12 2014 Copyright 2014, Society of Petroleum Engineers chemical flooding methods enhanced recovery adaptable amphiphile solution salt concentration Upstream Oil & Gas...

... a constant value. In a simulation for a typical field case, we find that the largest increase in skin factor and corresponding decrease in flow efficiency occur in approximately the first 30 days, after which the changes are slower. When connate-water salt concentration is higher, the skin value is much...

... on the heating process because the electric conductivity of the circulated water depends on its salt content. To find out the influence of salt concentration on process efficiency, we have studied the process of salt-water recirculation around an electrode using numerical simulation. The physical properties...

... NSO (%)    5.14    2.46    10.37    8.37    21 1 1997 11 3 1999 26 4 1999 1 9 1999 1 9 1999 Copyright 1999, Society of Petroleum Engineers hydrate remediation upstream oil & gas asphaltene inhibition asphaltene remediation salt concentration...