... profiles of both anionic and cationic HVFRs. In particular, the elastic profile became negligible for both HVFRs. Besides, the “critical salinity” phenomenon was observed. Above this salinity, the viscosity of HVFRs was no longer affected by increasing TDS level. The “critical salinity” for both of the 4...

... shear flow can stretch and thicken polymer solutions in a nonlinear fashion, steady-shear rheometry has been used to measure only the viscous and thinning behavior of HPAM systems. In this paper, (a) the thickening ability of HPAM polymer systems formulated with contrasting salinity and molecular weight...

... structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). SRP-6 shows superior solubility, hydrodynamic volume, and microstructure in salinity water, thanks to the hydrophilicity of multiple functional groups in the copolymer structure, and the SVBS-induced...

... concepts can work together. Monoethanolamine (MEA) alkali and a wide variety of liquid cosolvents are evaluated with high TAN crude oil (1.5 mg KOH/g oil). Formulations are found that give ultralow interfacial tension (UL-IFT) at a specified injection salinity. Fine tuning the formulation to different...

.... This study benchmarks the existing polymer empirical and machine learning (ML) models against a new data-driven model with some physics basis for common synthetic polymers. We cover a broad range of polymer concentrations, temperature, salinity, and hardness with an upper limit of 5,000 ppm, 120℃, 290,000...

... were systematically evaluated. The results showed that, besides the concentration of polymer and crosslinker, the molecular weight of PEI, pH value and salinity of gelant, and temperature all affected the gelation time, gel strength, and stability. High-strength PAtBA-PEI gels could be stable for more...

.... The gel is sensitive to high concentrations of salt ions and must be prepared in the field using saline solutions with Na + and Ca 2+ concentrations lower than 20 000 and 500 mg/L, respectively. The gel can be easily oxidized and disintegrated by acidic solutions. The gel disintegration rate may reach 100...

... fluids that can be stable with reservoir conditions and also be able to minimize environmental impacts and cost of operations. Experimental investigations using the high-salinity produced water from the Bakken Formation with HVFRs were carried out. The studies included a base case that served as a bench...

...Hongbin Guo; Jijiang Ge; Ya Xu; Qi Lv; Ziwei Li; Daiyu Zhou; Zhengwu Tao Summary By using an acrylamide (AM)-acrylamide propyl sulfonate (AMPS) copolymer crosslinked with hydroquinone (HQ) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), a stable gel was prepared at 150℃ in simulated brine with a salinity of 25...

... behavior partitioning of the various components is changing with oil saturation. We obtained good fits of all experimental data including all two- and three-phase regions using a single tuned HLD-NAC EOS for a wide range of simultaneous variations in pressure, temperature, salinity, and overall composition...

... recovery (EOR) techniques such as low salinity waterflooding (LSWF) and microbial EOR (MEOR). The present study numerically investigates the combined influence of simultaneous LSWF and microbial flooding for in-situ MEOR in tertiary mode within a sandstone core under spatiotemporally varying pH...

... by performing corefloods and analyzing effluent turbidity and absorbance under various salinities of the injected brine to validate the developed models. The zeta potentials of sand-fine-brine (SFB) systems were measured and ranged from −35.2 to 29.5 mV. The average size of fine particles was 800 to 900 nm...

... and their impact on transport through clay pores when exposed to fluids of varying salinity. In this work, we use a molecular dynamics (MD) approach to characterize fluid distributions when oil and brine with varying salinities are present in clay-hosted pores. This promises to provide a rationale for optimizing...

... of SDS-NP and SDS-HEC dispersions. Also, salinity has an optimal concentration in which foam concentration has the best performance and stability; in this study, the optimal NaCl salt concentration is 2 wt% NaCl. Because salinity is always present in the water injected into the reservoir and removing...

... enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are highly needed to exploit these oil resources. This study proposes three hybrid nonthermal EOR techniques, including high-salinity water (HSW) injection sequentially followed by low-salinity water (LSW) and low-salinity polymer (LSP) flooding (HSW-LSW-LSP), solvent...

...Maissa Souayeh; Rashid S. Al-Maamari; Ahmed Mansour; Mohamed Aoudia; Thomas Divers Summary Coupling polymer with low-salinity water (LSW) to promote enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in carbonate reservoirs has attracted significant interest in the petroleum industry. However, low-salinity polymer (LSP...

...I. W. R. Saputra; D. S. Schechter Summary Oil/water interfacial tension (IFT) is an important parameter in petroleum engineering, especially for enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) techniques. Surfactant and low-salinity EOR target IFT reduction to improve oil recovery. IFT values can be determined...

... brine had a salinity of 5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl), and the foaming solutions were prepared with 2 wt% NaCl. The optimal concentrations of the AOS solution and the nanotubes for maximum foam stability were determined to be 0.5% and 500 ppm, respectively. The optimized AOS–MWCNT system yielded 60...

... different confining pressures using a high-salinity brine to suppress the surface conductivity related to the cation-exchange capacity of clay particles. A total of five Ordovician shale samples from the Canning Basin, Australia, were used for this study. The shale samples are all illite-rich with up to 60...

...) and pH of 3.3 to 11 were characterized first. The emulsifying ability of the clay particles and stability of O/W emulsions against creaming and coalescence at a set of salinities and pH were measured to provide suitable salinity and pH range for the emulsions. Results show that the Na-montmorillonite...