ABSTRACT

A single-velocity layer statics model is available throughout the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. While this simple model suffices for most areas and large structures, it fails in situations where the surface topography is complex, the seismic datum crops out above the surface, or where the time structural closure is less than the static correction. In such cases, multi-layered models, using velocities derived from first-break arrivals of seismic shot records, have proven to be successful. The additional velocity information obtained from these first breaks (direct as well as refracted arrivals) vastly improves the velocity-depth structure of the near surface, regardless of the topography. Static corrections computed from these detailed near-surface velocity models have significantly enhanced subsurface image focusing, thereby reducing the uncertainty in the closure of target structures. For regional studies the local layer model is merged with the simple single layer model.

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