... are designed to automatically close mainline valves in the case of a major pipeline leak or rupture to minimize pipeline leakage. Calibrated to detect a sudden pressure differential drop between a reference reservoir and the pipeline, automatic shutdown valves can respond to more than just pipeline leaks...

... ABSTRACT For Saudi Aramco, keeping the nation's oil fields in optimal condition is an operational requirement. Strategic water injection is essential for long-term, maximum oil recovery. Keeping a steady supply of treated seawater flowing into an oil field reservoir through more than 600 wells...

... ABSTRACT: The Underground Storage Department at Union Gas Limited, a Spectra Energy Company, has long recognized that well interference effects during extended flow periods are difficult to simulate using simplified tank models. Although more complex and rigourous reservoir models can be used...

... ABSTRACT A typical approach taken to modeling gas field production gathering networks is to input "fixed" flow rates at a particular point in time to size pipelines and/or identify restrictions to flow. A numerical reservoir simulation model is often used to forecast the production rates...

... the subsequent inventory change and pressure loss over multiple days of injection or withdrawal. The approach can be used to simulate scenarios from a single pool with limited facilities to a complex system of multiple storage reservoirs, pipelines and compressors. Applying unique reservoir characteristics...

... guarantees of gas supply to end clients, the capability to store gas in reservoirs along the pipeline routes is highly attractive. This practice is gaining rapid acceptance in the industry thus causing an extension of the technology of pipeline modeling into the realm of reservoir simulation. Reservoir...

... in each of the reservoirs which must be maintained to insure adequate water for fighting fires. 1.2 Inherent Problems With a network as complicated as a city water distribution system must necessarily be, there are many difficulties with designing a straightforward optimal solution to a pzoblem...